Since the ringing of changes requires the peal of Bells, on which the changes are to be rung, to be first raised up to a set Pull, which compass is most proper for the ringing of them; therefore the Learners first practice must be to raise a Bell true in peal, to ring it at a low compass, and also to cease it true in peal, wherein consists the chief grounds of this Art, which depends on the Ear, and therefore much judgment is required therein. And to speak the truth, most practitioners are in these days somewhat deficient herein; the ringing of changes having generally diverted the Learners fancy from the practice of _raising_, _round-ringing_, and _ceasing_, by which means we have in a manner lost one Excellency in the pursuit of another. Therefore I could wish that the Practitioners of this Art would set a greater esteem on true Ringing in general, since the only excellency as well in the ringing of Changes as Rounds, depends thereon: the keeping of time being as essential to render all kinds of ringing pleasant to the ear, as ’tis to render any other kind of Musick; therefore the practitioner ought to have a Musical eare, and to have some judgment in beating time, without which he can never ring his Bell true in its place. A prospect of true ringing at any certain compass under the Sett, may thus be taken; for Instance, in ringing a peal of 5 Bells; from the fore-stroke of every note to the next fore-stroke of the same note, there ought to be eleven _punctums_ or Beats of time, which are all supposed to stand at Æquidistances: now in ten of these _punctums_, the five notes ought exactly to strike at the fore-stroke and back-stroke, and the eleventh stands as a Cypher to guide the Treble-note at fore-stroke to a double proportion of time from the Tennor-note at back-stroke: which blank _punctum_ must also be beaten in the same place by every note, to render its fore-stroke answerable to that of the Treble. For example; the third note having struck at fore-stroke, it must beat eleven _punctums_ of equidistance unto its striking there again. The first _punctum_ is that of the 4^{th} note, the second 5, the third 1, the fourth 2, the fifth 3, the sixth 4, the seventh 5, the eighth 0, the ninth 1, the tenth 2, the eleventh its own place of striking again at fore-stroke. These _punctums_ or Beats of time, must be proportioned either wider or closer, according to the compass of the Treble: therefore first the Treble must fix its compass certain and true at fore-stroke, which ought to be proportionate to what the number of the notes, and compass of the peal of Bells, may according to judgment permit; and then from one fore-stroke of it to the next, if there are five notes; there ought to be eleven _punctums_ of equidistance assigned, wherein the notes should exactly strike (except the blank) as before. From hence ’tis, that the most judicious Ringer ought to be put to the Treble; for that bell