Canada -- History -- 1763-1867; Canada -- History -- To 1763 (New France)
When Jacques Cartier again took his departure from St. Malo, in May
1535, he commanded three ships and 110 sailors. A number of nobles
and gentlemen, moreover, belonging to some of the proudest families
in France, went with him, eager for adventure. They thought, as
marine adventurers often thought in those days, that this time surely
they would find the gateway to the passage of Cathay and win wealth
untold. But they were not so lucky as at first; the winds were so
bad that seven weeks elapsed before Cartier reached the Straits of
Belle Isle. From this point the squadron steered for the Gulf St.
Lawrence, so named by Cartier in honour of the saint upon whose day
it was discovered. Keeping on, as his Indian interpreters bade him
do, he sailed up that stream which the Indians called "The Great
River of Canada."
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Can you wonder at Cartier and his attendant nobles feeling a thrill
of excitement as the landscape no white man had ever seen before
slowly unfolded itself to view? Opposite the great mouth of the
mysterious Saguenay red-men in birch bark canoes came to greet them.
Their two interpreters could exchange language with these, although
their many months' residence in France had made them very different
in appearance from their brother savages of Canada. They wore now
slashed crimson doublets and brilliant striped hose, while the
massive feathers in their heads caused the Canadian Indians to regard
them as chiefs of great renown. Cartier led his ships on to what the
natives called "The Kingdom of Canada," which stretched along the St.
Lawrence as far as the Island of Montreal, where the King of
Hochelaga held his sway. To the fertile Isle of Orleans, which
Cartier reached on the 9th of September, he gave the name of Isle of
Bacchus, on account of the abundant grape vines growing upon it.
From here the explorer could see on the north bank of the great river
a towering promontory lit up by the morning sun. This was Cape
Diamond, at whose base there crouched the Indian village of
Stadacona. Cartier anchored here his little fleet, and the chief of
the neighbouring tribe, Donacona, came to greet him, with twelve
canoes full of warriors. After a speech of welcome, the women of the
tribe, or squaws, danced and sang without ceasing, standing in water
up to their knees.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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