Cobalt, Ontario, world’s richest silver deposits at, 119. Cobalt, immense production of the mineral at Cobalt, Ontario, 125. Cochrane, “Billy,” breeder of “wild” cattle at Calgary, 210. Cochrane, Senator, owner of large cattle ranch in Alberta, 207. Cod fisheries, of Newfoundland, 13; of Nova Scotia, 36. Coffee, George T., lucky miner in the Yukon, 266. Coke ovens, at the coal deposits near Crow’s Nest Pass, 221. Columbia River, source of, in the Kootenays, 220. Conservation of forests in Canada, 89. Copper, rich deposits in Newfoundland, 12; in the Kootenay country, 221, 222. Copper sulphate, by-product of Sudbury mines, 130. Cornwallis, Lord, city of Halifax, founded by, 32. “Country banks” of coal, the settler’s recourse, 201. Creighton Nickel Mine, largest producer in the world, 127. “Cremation of Sam McGee,” poem by Robert Service, 257. Crow’s Nest Pass, railway line through, 217, 220; immense coal deposits near, 221. Cucumbers, a hot-house crop, at Dawson, Yukon, 261. Curling, a popular game in Canada, 68. Dairy cattle and products of Alberta, 208. Dawson, the capital of the Yukon, 250 _et seq._ Deer, plentiful in Nova Scotia, 57. Divorce, no laws for, in Newfoundland, 9. Domestic servants, scarcity of, 192. Dominion Agricultural Department, originates improved wheat varieties, 183. Douglas fir, principal timber of British Columbia, 91. Doukhobors, fanatical colonists from Russia, 194. Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan, poem, “The Athabasca Trail,” 205. Dredging for gold in the Yukon, 267, 269. Dunsmore, Lord, as a pioneer names town of Moose Jaw, 179. Edmonton, Alberta, the gateway to the northwest, 197 _et seq._ Electric current, low cost of in southern Ontario, 106, 108, 111. Electrically heated water for winter mining in the Klondike, 285. Elevators, how conducted in the Canadian wheat belt, 186. Farm labour, how obtained for the Canadian wheat fields, 184. Farmers, American, movement to the Canadian wheat belt, 193. Farmhouses, well built in Nova Scotia, 38. Farming, on the edge of the Arctic, Fisheries, of Newfoundland, 13; of Nova Scotia, 36. Fisheries of British Columbia, extent of, 230. Fishermen, Newfoundland, their hard lives and small incomes, 20. Fishermen’s Protective Union, activities of, 21. Flax seed, production in the Winnipeg district, 149. Fleming, Peter, plans harbour development of Montreal, 62. Floating dry dock, at Prince Rupert, 229. Flour industry, location of principal mills, 186. Football, popular in Toronto, 101. Forest fires and protective measures, 89. Forest reserves, set aside by government of Ontario, 139. Forests, denudation of Canadian, 88. Fort Garry, present site of Winnipeg, 151. Fort McMurray, on the route to the new oil fields, 203. Fort Norman, trading post for the new oil region, 203.