The huge steel penstocks, or pipes, through which the water rushes to the waterwheels below, are set in grooves cut in the rock. Each of them is twice the diameter of a big dining-room table. The water enters the penstocks from a great pool fed by the canal and, dropping, creates this mighty stream of electrical energy, which surpasses any that can be produced right at the Falls. The reason for this is that while the total drop in the Niagara River is three hundred and twenty-seven feet, the height of the Falls is only one hundred and sixty-seven feet. That is the maximum “head” of water available to the power stations located right at the Falls. But from where we stand the drop to the waterwheels is exactly three hundred and five feet, or nearly twice as great as that at the falls. This station, in other words, utilizes all except about twenty feet of the difference in level between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. It does this by taking in the water of the Niagara River at Chippewa and carrying it for thirteen miles nearly to the end of the Niagara escarpment. There is a fall of only twelve feet in the whole length of the canal. Every cubic foot of water per second that flows through the penstocks generates thirty horse-power, as compared with about sixteen horse-power per foot per second developed by the stations nearer the falls. The Canadians are thus making the water of Niagara work for the people at almost twice the efficiency ever obtained from its waters before. Let us see just what this means. An ordinary pail holds about one cubic foot of water. Suppose, as we stand on the brink of the gorge, I hand you pails full of water, and that you let them fall, one every second, to the river below. If the force of this fall could be applied to a machine as efficiently as flowing water, each pailful would generate electricity to the amount of thirty horse-power, or an amount about equal to the energy of a five-passenger touring car when run at full speed. Imagine twenty thousand such pailfuls being fed into the penstocks every time your watch ticks, and you will then understand what the six hundred thousand horse-power capacity of this station means. Step with me into the electric elevator that goes down the face of the cliff to the power house. At the bottom we find the offices of the engineers and experts in charge. There is, also, a restaurant for the workers. One huge room is filled with the switches and recorders which keep these men constantly informed of conditions in all parts of the plant and enable them to control every detail. We descend still farther to the lower levels, where are the giant waterwheels and generators. We prowl around in vast subterranean chambers and gaze at one of the sixty-thousand-horse-power generators. There is no visible motion and almost no sound, yet it is producing enough power to move at high speed a procession of two thousand motor cars, or to drive two Majesties or Leviathans across the ocean.