Carranza, Venustiano, 1859-1920; Mexico -- History -- Revolution, 1910-1920; Mexico -- Politics and government -- 1910-1946
In a pamphlet of recent date there will be found the decrees and other
transactions of the Constitutionalist army. The official publication
born in Chihuahua, 1914, prints the date of each one of the decrees
permitting the printing of paper money. The first issue of paper money
was emitted for 5,000,000 pesos on the 26th of April, 1913, the second
one for fifteen millions on February 28th, 1913, and the third one for
ten millions on February 12th, 1914, for bills of five, ten, fifty and
hundred pesos denominations. As the circulation of those three issues
tended to raise prices in general by paralyzing the transactions with
fractional money, Carranza authorized three more issues of paper money.
One for two hundred thousand, the second for eight hundred thousand and
the third for one million, for five and ten cents denominations, on the
26th of April, 28th of December, 1913, and on February 12th, 1914.
Up to May, 1914, altogether thirty-two million pesos in paper money
were issued to cover the expenses of the revolution.
The governors and military chiefs were empowered to do the same in
the States under their jurisdiction: Generals Villa and Chao in the
State of Chihuahua, Governor Riveros in Sinaloa, General Caballeros in
Tamaulipas and Villareal in Nuevo Leon.
When it is considered that the Constitutionalists had almost 100,000
men under arms, the Madero revolution by comparison will seem an
amateurish and insignificant affair.
General Obregon was supposed to have 20,000, General Villa another
20,000, General Gonzalez 22,000, General Carrera 20,000, General
Natera and the Arrietas 6,000, without counting the Zapatistas with
over 20,000 men.
On an average and in fairly round figures the revolution cost about
$200,000 a week or $800,000 a month. For a revolution which has lasted
over a year and three months the performance is quite wonderful and
shows remarkable organizing qualities in Carranza and the amazing
vitality of Mexico.
When General Huerta waded through Madero’s blood into the dictator’s
chair he was able to get over fifty million dollars in gold from
American and French bankers, besides voluntary and enforced
contributions from the Catholic clergy, foreign corporations and
commercial and industrial concerns with headquarters in Mexico City and
unwilling loans from Mexican haciendados. Huerta had all the power of
the government concentrated in Mexico City in his hands, the support of
all the foreign powers with the exception of the United States, and in
spite of all he failed.
American bankers who had hastily but unwisely loaned several millions
to General Huerta in the forlorn hope that he could prove a second
Diaz to subdue Mexico, lost faith in the dictator’s ability and sent
an agent to offer six million dollars to Carranza if he would promise
to guarantee Huerta’s loans. It goes without saying that the offer was
rejected.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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