Carriages & Coaches: Their History & Their EvolutionStraus, Ralph
History
Carriages & Coaches: Their History & Their Evolution
Straus, Ralph
Carriages and carts
“The body of the sledge,” he says, “is about four feet and a
half long and a foot wide, made in the form of a crescent, of
light, tough wood, strongly bound together with wicker-work;
which in those belonging to the better sort of people is
elegantly stained of a red and blue colour, and the seat
covered with bear-skins, or other furs. It is supported by
four legs, about two feet high, which rest on two long flat
pieces of wood, extending a foot at each end beyond the body
of the sledge. These are turned up before, in the manner of
a skate, and shod with the bone of some sea animal. The fore
part of the carriage is ornamented with thongs of leather and
tassels of coloured cloth; and from the cross-bar, to which
the harness is joined, are hung links of iron, or small bells,
the jingling of which they conceive to be encouraging to the
dogs. They are seldom used to carry more than one person at
a time, who sits aside [? astride], resting his feet on the
lower part of the sledge, and carrying his provisions and
other necessaries, wrapped up in a bundle, behind him. The
dogs are usually five in number, yoked two and two, with
a leader. The reins not being fastened to the head of the
dogs, but to the collar, have little power over them, and
are therefore generally hung upon the sledge, whilst the
driver depends entirely on their obedience to his voice for
the direction of them.... The driver is also provided with
a crooked stick, which answers the purpose both of whip
and reins; as by striking it into the snow, he is enabled
to moderate the speed of the dogs, or even to stop them
entirely.... Our party consisted in all of ten sledges. That
in which Captain Gore was carried, was made of two lashed
together, and abundantly provided with furs and bear-skins; it
had ten dogs, yoked four abreast, as had also some of those
that were heavy laden with baggage.”
In Europe and North America these sledges were also used, and could
be highly ornamented. Two of this kind, narrow and low, may be seen
at South Kensington. They are mentioned by several travellers. Edward
Wright, visiting Amsterdam in 1719, had seen “several coach-bodies
drawn upon sledges,” and explained that the inhabitants did not use
wheels “to avoid shaking the foundations of the houses.” Holcroft,
too, at the end of the century, journeyed from Hamburg to Paris by way
of Holland, and did not hide his surprise at the appearance of these
sledges.
“And pray, sir, what are you?” he asks in the Shandean manner.
“We never saw so staring or so strange an animal before.”
“’Tis a tropical bird, on a mast.”
“Can it be? A coach without wheels? Yes: dragged on a sledge
by a single horse, and a lady in it.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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