1. Tyrant Shrike (_Tyrannus intrepidus_).--2. Virginian Chordeiles (_Chordeiles Virginianus_).--3. Cow-bird (_Icterus pecoris_).--4. Crimson Honeysucker (_Myzantha garrula_).--5. Masked Weaver-bird (_Ploceus larvatus_).--6. Fire-crested Wren (_Regulus pyrocephalus_).--7. Rice-bird (_Padda oryzivora_).--8. Variegated Grakle (_Quiscalus versicolor_).--9. White-tailed wheatear (_Saxicola leucura_).--10. The Wittal Oriole (_Oriolus galbula_).--11. The Alpine Accentor (_Accentor Alpinus_).--12. Nordman's Glareole (_Glareola Nordmanni_).--13. Alpine Tit (_Parus Alpinus_).--14. Crested Tit (_Parus Cristatus_).--15. African Parra (_Parra Africana_).--16. Piririguan Tick-eater (_Crotophaga Piririgua_).--17. Ptarmigan (_Lagopus Scoticus_).--18. Scapulated Crow (_Corvus Scapulatus_).--19. The Kestrel (_Tinnunculus Cenchris_).--20. The Senegal Thick-knee (_Oedicnemus Senegalensis_).--21. Rock Kestrel (_Tinnunculus rupicolus_).--22. Corythus (_Corythus enucleator_).--23. The Red-legged Stilt-Walker (_Himantopus rufipes_).--24. The Stone Thrush (_Turdus saxatilis_).--25. The Silk-tail (_Bombycilla garrula_).--26. Long-tailed Tit (_Parus biarmicus_).--27. The Wall-creeper (_Tichodroma muraria_).--28. The Troopial (_Agelaius phœniceus_).--29. The Yellow Bunting (_Emberiza Cia_).--30. The Red-eyed Coccyzus (_Coccyzus erythropthalmus_).--31. The Cirl-Bunting (_Emberiza cirlus_).] The _Spurious_, or _Bastard Quills_ (Figs. 2, _e_; 13, 33), are attached to the rudimental bone that represents the thumb (Figs. 2, _g_; 12, _p_); their size is diminutive, and their use in flight comparatively unimportant. The _Wing Covers_ or _Coverts_ (Fig. 13, 37) are small feathers arranged in several rows, which overlap and strengthen the bases of the quills; they are often variously coloured, and thus afford important features whereby different species may be distinguished. Besides the above, there are certain conventional terms employed by the ornithologist that will require enumeration. The arm-part of the wing in the living bird is generally known as the _shoulder_ (27); the elbow-joint is the _flexum_; while that part of the fore-arm which corresponds to the edge of the wing is denominated the _shoulder-margin_ (6). The names appropriated to the different parts of the hinder-limb have been already sufficiently indicated when describing the composition of the skeleton.