Cassell's book of birds; vol. 2Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Science
Cassell's book of birds; vol. 2
Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Birds
Pursuant to our intention of laying a _natural_ classification of the
Animal Kingdom before our readers, we shall now proceed to describe the
SWIFTS, although we are well aware that many modern naturalists consider
that they should not be grouped with the Swallows.
The family of the SWIFTS (_Cypseli_) are small or moderate-sized birds,
with a long slender body, short neck, broad flat head, and small
delicate beak, which is broad at its base, slightly curved, and somewhat
compressed at its tip. The gape is uncommonly wide; the wings are narrow
and curved like a sabre; the tail is very variously formed, being
sometimes long, sometimes short, and more or less deeply incised at its
extremity; the feet and toes are stunted, the latter armed with short,
powerful, and much curved claws. The plumage is thick and composed of
small feathers, it is usually of a dusky hue, but occasionally exhibits
considerable metallic lustre. The various members of this family are
found throughout all the divisions of our earth, except its most northern
portions, and inhabit every situation from the sea-coast to the snow
boundary of lofty mountain ranges. From early morning till late in the
evening, they may be seen skimming through the air with astonishing
rapidity, or soaring to such an elevation as to be almost beyond the
reach of our vision. So powerful are their wings that no amount of
exertion appears to fatigue them; their pinions, which when extended form
a crescent, are wielded with a force and rapidity rivalling the activity
of the Humming Birds--they dart with the velocity of an arrow upon their
prey, or indulge in every conceivable variety of flight or motion, as
they skim through what may certainly be called their native element; even
when among the branches of trees, they display considerable agility,
but are perfectly helpless upon the ground. All the members of this
family are of a restless disposition; they spend but a few hours of the
night in repose, and require a very large amount of food to enable them
to support their prolonged exertions, so that they consume insects in
enormous quantities, seizing them whilst upon the wing.
[Illustration: THE KLECHO (_Dendrochelidon klecho_).]
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