Cassell's book of birds; vol. 2Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Science
Cassell's book of birds; vol. 2
Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Birds
The BROWN-THROATED MEADOW WARBLER (_Pratincola rubetra_) presents a very
variegated appearance, owing to the broad reddish grey border fringing
the blackish brown feathers, with which the upper part of its body is
covered. The under side is light yellowish white; the chin, a streak over
the eyes, and the centre of the wings are pure white. All the colours in
the plumage of the female are indistinct; a stripe over the eyes is of a
yellowish shade, and the light-coloured spot on the wings very faintly
indicated. In the young birds the upper part of the body is a mixture of
rust-red and greyish black, striped longitudinally with reddish yellow.
The pale red feathers on the under side are diversified with reddish
yellow spots, and tipped with greyish black. The eyes of all are deep
brown, the beak and feet black. The body is five inches and a half long,
and eight broad; the wing measures two inches and a half, and the tail
two inches. The habits of this bird so closely resemble those of the
following species that one description will serve for both.
THE BLACK-THROATED MEADOW WARBLER.
[Illustration: THE BLACK-THROATED MEADOW WARBLER (_Pratincola rubicola_).]
The BLACK-THROATED MEADOW WARBLER (_Pratincola rubicola_), a species very
nearly allied to that above described, is black upon the throat and over
the entire upper part of the body; the under side is rust-red; the rump,
a spot upon the wings, and the sides of the neck are pure white. The
female is greyish black upon the throat and mantle, the feathers of the
latter edged with reddish yellow; the entire under side is of the latter
hue. Both these birds inhabit the continent of Europe and some portions
of Asia, and are often met with in Northern Africa during their winter
journeyings. All, however, do not migrate. We are told on good authority
that they are seen in Spain and Great Britain throughout the entire
year. Everywhere they show a very decided preference for cultivated
districts, and especially delight in well-watered pasture-land, or such
open fields as are upon the outskirts of woods; indeed, the more fruitful
the situation the more numerously do they congregate. Their voice is
sweet, full, and capable of producing a great variety of cadences.
Like most other members of their family, they sing almost incessantly
during the spring and early part of the summer, and are often to be
heard far into the night. The nests of both these species is loosely
formed of dry leaves, fibres, or grass, mixed with a little moss, lined
with some elastic material, such as a layer of horsehair. Grass-meadows
are generally selected, as affording situations adapted for building
purposes, and the nests are placed with so much care within hollows
on the ground, or beneath a low bush that, as frequently happens, the
brooding pairs are not discovered, either when the field is mowed, or
even when the haymakers have raked the grass from its surface. The
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