Cassell's book of birds; vol. 2Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Science
Cassell's book of birds; vol. 2
Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Birds
eggs, five or six in number, are broad in shape, with delicate, glossy,
light blueish green shells, and are laid from May to June. The female
alone broods; the eggs are hatched in about a fortnight. The young are
watched and tended with great care, and are saved from many enemies by
the prudence of their parents, who, should danger be at hand, remain
perfectly silent and motionless until the unwelcome visitor has left the
spot. As regards the movements, diet, and habits of these two species,
we will only add that in almost every essential particular they resemble
those of the Warblers already described.
* * * * *
The CLIPPERS (_Ephthianura_), another group of the same family, met with
in New Holland, are recognisable by their nearly straight beak, which
is shorter than the head, compressed at the sides, and incised close to
the tip. The third and fourth quills of the long wing exceed the rest in
length; the tail is short, and straight at its extremity; the legs are
long, the tarsi thin, and the toes slender. We are at present acquainted
with but few members of this interesting and probably numerous group.
[Illustration: THE WHEATEAR (_Saxicola œnanthe_).]
THE WAGTAIL CLIPPER.
The WAGTAIL CLIPPER (_Ephthianura albifrons_), as the species most
frequently met with is called, is deep grey on the upper part of the
body, each feather having a dark brown spot in its centre. The wings and
tail-feathers are dark brown, the latter, with the exception of those in
its centre, decorated with a large, oval, white spot. The fore part of
head, face, throat, breast, and belly are pure white. The hinder part
of the head and a broad line that passes from the sides of the neck to
the upper region of the breast, are black. In the female the mantle is
greyish brown; the throat and under side are yellowish white; while
the ring about the neck and a light spot on the exterior tail-feathers
are only slightly indicated. This species is four inches long. Gould,
who first described the Wagtail Clipper, found it upon a small island
in Bass's Straits, and afterwards throughout the whole of Southern
Australia. Like its congeners, it is lively and active, and ever watchful
against the approach of danger. Like them it selects a stone or leafless
branch when about to perch, and if disturbed, flies swiftly for a few
hundred yards before it again settles. Its step upon the ground is
rapid, and generally accompanied by a whisking motion of the tail. The
song of the male is extremely pleasing, and is heard constantly about
September or October, when the breeding season commences. The nest is
formed of small twigs, grass, lined with hair or some similar material;
it is usually concealed beneath shrubs or brushwood, at an elevation of
only a few inches from the ground. The eggs, three or sometimes four
in number, are of a pure white, adorned with reddish brown spots or
markings, most numerous at the broad end. The young are carefully tended
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