A Double Election--Battles of Pen Selwood and Sherstone--Treacheries of Edric--Division of the Kingdom--Death of Edmund--Election of Canute--His Treatment of his Rivals--The four Earldoms--Canute's Marriage with Emma--His Popular Government--His Expeditions to Northern Europe--Submission of the King of Scots--Canute at Rome--The Story of his Rebuke to his Courtiers--His Death 63 CHAPTER IX. EARL GODWIN AND HAROLD. Harold and Harthacanute--The Murder of Alfred--Accession of Harthacanute--His Reconciliation with Godwin--The Punishment of Worcester--Edward the Confessor--His Election--Influx of Normans--The Family of Godwin--Conduct of Sweyn--The Outbreak at Dover--Godwin's Rebellion and Outlawry--William of Normandy's Visit to England--Godwin's Attempt to Return--His Appearance in the Thames--His Restoration to Power--Death of Godwin--His Place taken by Harold--Siward's Invasion of Scotland and his Death--Death of Leofric and Punishment of Ælfgar--Church Building of Harold and Edward--Harold's Conquest of Wales--Turbulence of Tostig--Death of the Atheling Edward--Candidature of Harold 66 CHAPTER X. THE NORMAN INVASION. The Normans--Their Settlement in France--Their Gradual Civilization--Richard the Good--Robert the Devil--William's earlier years--His Consolidation of Power--Harold's Adventures in Normandy and the Story of his Oath to William--Death and Character of Edward--Election of Harold--William's Claims--He Obtains the Sanction of the Church--His Preparations--Proceedings of Tostig--Harold's Forces dwindle--Invasion of Tostig and Harold Hardrada--Battle of Stamford Bridge--Landing of William--Harold in London--Desertion of Edwin and Morcar--Negotiations--Harold at Senlac--Account of the Battle--Death of Harold and Discomfiture of the English--His Burial--Legend of his Escape 75 CHAPTER XI. ENGLISH AND NORMAN ARCHITECTURE AND CUSTOMS. Saxon Architecture; Theories about it--Documentary Evidence--Ancient Churches--Characters of the Saxon Style--Illustrations from an Anglo-Saxon Calendar--Old Manuscripts--English Scholarship--Music and the Minstrels--Musical Instruments--Games and Sports--Costume--The Table--Household Furniture--Material Condition of the People--Norman Costumes--Condition of Learning and the Arts--Refinement of the Normans--The Bayeux Tapestry 83 CHAPTER XII. THE REIGN OF WILLIAM I.