A LOST CAUSE: FLIGHT OF JAMES II. AFTER THE BATTLE OF THE BOYNE, 1690. (_By Andrew C. Gow, R.A._) " 433 THE FOUNDING OF THE BANK OF ENGLAND, 1694. (_By George Harcourt_) " 471 PETER THE GREAT AT DEPTFORD DOCKYARD. (_By Daniel Maclise, R.A._) " 503 H.R.H. PRINCESS ANNE OF DENMARK, AFTERWARDS QUEEN OF ENGLAND. (_By W. Wissing and J. Vandervaart_) " 545 [Illustration: _By permission of Messrs. S. Hildesheimer & Co., Ld._ CHARLES I. ON HIS WAY TO EXECUTION, 1649. FROM THE PICTURE BY ERNEST CROFTS, R.A.] [Illustration: CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD, FROM ST. ALDATE'S (LOOKING WEST.)] CASSELL'S ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF ENGLAND. CHAPTER I. THE GREAT REBELLION. Condition of Ireland--Roger Moore's Pilgrimage--Negotiations of the Anglo-Irish with Charles--Hugh M'Mahon betrays the Plot--Rising of the Native Irish--Massacre of Protestants--Measures taken by the English Parliament--Return of Charles to London--The Grand Remonstrance--The King's Answer--His Lieutenant of the Tower--Riots in London--Blunder of the Bishops--Attempted Arrest of the Five Members--Charles leaves London--The Queen goes to Holland--Charles at York--His Repulse from Hull--Preparations for War--The Royal Standard Raised--Prince Rupert's Headstrong Folly--Battle of Edge Hill--Charles marches on London--He returns to Oxford--Cromwell in the East--The Queen in Yorkshire--Death of Hampden--Parliamentary Disasters--Battle of Newbury--Death of Lord Falkland--Negotiations with the Scots and Irish--Death of Pym--Royal Parliament at Oxford--Battle of Marston Moor--Disastrous Failure of Essex in Cornwall--Second Battle of Newbury--The Self-denying Ordinance--The New-modelled Army.