From what may be gleaned by reading the previous pages about the
Edentates, it will appear that the order is a very remarkable one, and
that it is interesting on account of the different external appearance
of the species, their diverse modes of life, and singularly restricted
localities. Evidently, there has been much degeneration in some of
the anatomical characters of many of the species, and especially in
those whose foot bones and neck vertebræ have joined more or less. The
singular resemblance which some species present, in various points of
their anatomy, to the lower animals, is very interesting, as is also
their wonderful relation, in points of structure, with a number of
extinct Edentata, most of which were gigantic.
The Edentata, called also Bruta by Linnæus, form an order, the
characters of which are, that there are teeth of one or two kinds all
very similar, and often wanting. The incisors are not developed except
in one group, and the rest have either molars which are separate, and
numerous and simple, or there are none. The extremities are clawed, and
the tongue is more or less elongated. The great groups of this order
are the _Tardigrada_, or slow movers, which have a short face, long
limbs, and small tail, and the body is covered with crisp hair; and the
_Effodientia_, or diggers, which have long faces and worm-like tongues,
with short limbs.
The Sloths form the only family of the Tardigrada, and the Effodientia
are divided into the genera _Manis_, the scaly Ant-eaters; _Dasypus_,
the Armadillos; _Chlamydophorus_, the Pichiciagos; _Orycteropus_, the
Ant-Bears; and _Myrmecophaga_, the American Ant-eaters. The Sloths form
three genera--_Cholœpus_, _Bradypus_, and _Arctopithecus_. Amongst the
Ant-eaters, the genus _Manis_ may stand alone. The genus _Dasypus_
may be divided, for the sake of convenience, into the subdivisions
Priodontes, Kabassous, Euphractes, Cachicames, and Tolypeutes. The
other genera need no subdivision.
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