Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Vol. 3 of 7Thurston, Edgar
History
Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Vol. 3 of 7
Thurston, Edgar
Caste -- India, South; Ethnology -- India, South; India, South -- Social life and customs; Tribes -- India, South
These Lingayats are divided into two classes, viz., Gauliyars of Damara
village, and Kadaperi or Kannadiyars proper, of Chembrambakam and
other places. The Gauliyars carry their curd pots in rattan baskets;
the Kannadiyars in bamboo baskets. Each class has its own beat in
the city of Madras, and, while the majority of the rattan basket
men traffic mainly in Triplicane, the bamboo basket men carry on
their business in Georgetown and other localities. The two classes
worship the same gods, feed together, but do not intermarry. The
rattan is considered superior to the bamboo section. Both sections
are sub-divided into a large number of exogamous septs or bedagagulu,
of which the meaning, with a few exceptions, e.g., split cane, bear,
and fruit of Eugenia Jambolana, is not clear.
Monogamy appears to be the general rule among them, but polygamy to
the extent of having two wives, the second to counteract the sterility
of the first, is not rare. Marriage before puberty is the rule, which
must not be transgressed. And it is a common thing to see small boys
grazing the cattle, who are married to babies hardly more than a year
old. Marriages are arranged by the parents, or through intermediaries,
with the tacit approval of the community as a whole. The marriage
ceremony generally lasts about nine or ten days, and, to lessen
the expenses for the individual, several families club together and
celebrate their marriages simultaneously. All the preliminaries such
as inviting the wedding guests, etc., are attended to by the agent
of the community, who is called Chaudri. The appointment of agent
is hereditary.
The first day of the marriage ceremony is employed in the erection
of the booth or pandal. On the following day, the bodice-wearing
ceremony is performed. The bride and bridegroom are presented with
new clothes, which they put on amid general merriment. In connection
with this ceremony, the following Mysore story may not be out of
place. When Tipu Sultan once saw a Lingayat woman selling curds in
the street without a body cloth, he ordered the cutting off of her
breasts. Since then the wearing of long garments has come into use
among the whole female population of Mysore.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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