Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Vol. 3 of 7Thurston, Edgar
History
Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Vol. 3 of 7
Thurston, Edgar
Caste -- India, South; Ethnology -- India, South; India, South -- Social life and customs; Tribes -- India, South
The following legend is narrated in the Baramahal Records. [108]
"On a time, the Guru or Patriarch came near a village, and put up in a
neighbouring grove until he sent in a Dasari to apprize his sectaries
of his approach. The Dasari called at the house of one of them, and
announced the arrival of the Guru, but the master of the house took no
notice of him, and, to avoid the Guru, he ran away through the back
door of the house, which is called peradu, and by chance came to the
grove, and was obliged to pay his respects to the Guru, who asked if
he had seen his Dasari, and he answered that he had been all day from
home. On which, the Guru sent for the Dasari, and demanded the reason
of his staying away so long, when he saw the master of the house was
not in it. The Dasari replied that the person was at home when he
went there, but that, on seeing him, he fled through the back door,
which the Guru finding true, he surnamed him the Peratiguntavaru or the
runaway through the back door, now corruptly called Perdagantuwaru,
and said that he would never honour him with another visit, and that
he and his descendants should henceforth have no Guru or Patriarch."
Pokanadu (poka, areca palm: Areca Catechu).
Velanati. Kapus from a foreign (veli) country.
Yerlam.
"The last division," Mr. Stuart writes, "are the most peculiar of
all, and are partly of Brahmanical descent. The story goes that a
Brahman girl named Yerlamma, not having been married by her parents
in childhood, as she should have been, was for that reason turned
out of her caste. A Kapu, or some say a Besta man, took compassion on
her, and to him she bore many children, the ancestors of the Yerlam
Kapu caste. In consequence of the harsh treatment of Yerlamma by her
parents and caste people, all her descendants hate Brahmans with a
deadly hatred, and look down upon them, affecting also to be superior
to every other caste. They are most exclusive, refusing to eat with any
caste whatever, or even to take chunam (lime for chewing with betel)
from any but their own people, whereas Brahmans will take lime from
a Sudra, provided a little curd be mixed with it. The Yerlam Kapus
do not employ priests of the Brahman or other religious classes
even for their marriages. At these no homam (sacred fire) ceremony
is performed, and no worship offered to Vigneswara, but they simply
ascertain a fortunate day and hour, and get an old matron (sumangali)
to tie the tali to the bride's neck, after which there is feasting
and merry-making."
The Panta Kapus are said to be divided into two tegas or endogamous
divisions, viz., Perama Reddi or Muduru Kapu (ripe or old Kapu); and
Katama Reddi or Letha Kapu (young or unripe Kapus). A sub-division
called Konda (hill) Kapus is mentioned by the Rev. J. Cain [109]
as being engaged in cultivation and the timber trade in the eastern
ghats near the Godavari river (see Konda Dora). Akula (betel-leaf
seller) was returned at the census, 1901, as a sub-caste of Kapus.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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