In September, 1908, an official notification was issued in the Fort St. George Gazette to the following effect. "Whereas it appears that hook-swinging, dragging of cars by men harnessed to them by hooks which pierce their sides, and similar acts are performed during the Mariyamman festival at Samayapuram and other places in the Trichinopoly division, Trichinopoly district, and whereas such acts are dangerous to human life, the Governor in Council is pleased, under section 144, sub-section (5), of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, to direct that the order of the Sub-divisional Magistrate, dated the 7th August, 1908, prohibiting such acts, shall remain in force until further orders." It is noted by Mr. F. R. Hemingway [27] that, at Ratnagiri, in the Trichinopoly district, the Kaikolans, in performance of a vow, thrust a spear through the muscles of the abdomen in honour of their god Sahanayanar. Kaila (measuring grain in the threshing-floor).--An exogamous sept of Mala. Kaimal.--A title of Nayars, derived from kai, hand, signifying power. Kaipuda.--A sub-division of Holeya. Kaivarta.--A sub-division of Kevuto. Kaka (crow).--The legend relating to the Kaka people is narrated in the article on Koyis. The equivalent Kaki occurs as a sept of Malas, and Kako as a sept of Kondras. Kakara or Kakarla (Momordica Charantia).--An exogamous sept of Kamma and Muka Dora. Kakirekka-vandlu (crows' feather people).--Mendicants who beg from Mutrachas, and derive their name from the fact that, when begging, they tie round their waists strings on which crows', paddy birds' (heron) feathers, etc., are tied. Kakka Kuravan.--A division of Kuravas of Travancore. Kakkalan.--The Kakkalans or Kakkans are a vagrant tribe met with in north and central Travancore, who are identical with the Kakka Kuravans of south Travancore. There are among them four endogamous divisions called Kavitiyan, Manipparayan, Meluttan, and Chattaparayan, of which the two first are the most important. The Kavitiyans are further sub-divided into Kollak Kavitiyan residing in central Travancore, Malayalam Kavitiyan, and Pandi Kavitiyan or immigrants from the Pandyan country. The Kakkalans have a legend concerning their origin to the effect that Siva was once going about begging as a Kapaladharin, and arrived at a Brahman street, from which the inhabitants drove him away. The offended god immediately reduced the village to ashes, and the guilty villagers begged his pardon, but were reduced to the position of the Kakkalans, and made to earn their livelihood by begging. The women wear iron and silver bangles, and a palunka mala or necklace of variously coloured beads. They are tattooed, and tattooing members of other castes is one of their occupations, which include the following:-- Katukuttu, or boring the lobes of the ears. Katuvaippu, or plastic operations on the ear, which Nayar women and others who wear heavy pendant ear ornaments often require.