Ravari.--Recorded, in the Madras Census Report, 1901, as a trading section of the Nayars. The word is said to be a corruption of Vyapari, meaning trader. The equivalent Raveri occurs as a class inhabiting the Laccadive islands. Ravi Chettu (pipal tree: Ficus religiosa).--An exogamous sept of Kalingi. The pipal or aswatha tree may be seen, in many South Indian villages, with a raised platform round it, before which Hindus remove their shoes, and bow down. On the platform, village council meetings are often held. It is believed that male offspring will be given to childless couples, if they celebrate a marriage of the pipal with the nim tree (Melia Azadirachta). Ravulo.--It is recorded, in the Madras Census Report, 1901, that "there are three castes of temple servants among the Oriyas, the Ravulos, the Malis and the Munis. The Ravulos blow conches (shells of Turbinella rapa) in the Saivite temples and at Brahmans' weddings, sell flowers, and regard themselves as superior to the other two. The Malis do service in Saivite or Vaishnavite temples and sell flowers, but the Munis are employed only in the temples of the village goddesses. Among the Ravulos, infant marriage is compulsory, but widow marriage is allowed, and also divorce in certain cases. A curious account is given of the punishment sometimes inflicted by the caste panchayat (council) on a man who ill-treats and deserts his wife. He is made to sit under one of the bamboo coops with which fish are caught, and his wife sits on the top of it. Five pots of water are then poured over the pair of them in imitation of the caste custom of pouring five pots of water over a dead body before it is taken to the burning-ground, the ceremony taking place in the part of the house where a corpse would be washed. The wife then throws away a ladle, and breaks a cooking-pot just as she would have done had her husband really been dead, and further breaks her bangles and tears off her necklace, just as would have been done if she was really a widow. Having thus signified that her husband is dead to her, she goes straight off to her parents' house, and is free to marry again. Some Ravulos wear the sacred thread. They employ Brahmans as priests for religious and ceremonial purposes. They eat fish and meat, though not beef or fowls, but do not drink alcohol. Nowadays many of them are earth-workers, cart-drivers, bricklayers, carpenters and day labourers." It is further noted, in the Census Report, that Mali is "an Oriya caste of vegetable growers and sellers, and cultivators. Also a caste belonging to Bengal and Orissa, the people of which are garland makers and temple servants. The statistics confuse the two." In an account of the Ravulos, as given to me, Ravulos, Munis, and Malis are not three castes, but one caste. The Munis are said to worship, among others, Munis or Rishis, Sakti, Siva, and Ganesa. A Muni, named Sarala Doss, was the author of the most popular Oriya version of the Mahabharata,