from bringing the various biruthus (insignia), and displaying them. The sasana was brought by the Tigalas, at an expenditure of Rs. 215, which sum was subsequently recovered from the Pallis. Tigala occurs further as the name of a sub-division of Holeya. Tikke (gem).--A gotra of Kurni. Ti (fire) Kollan.--A sub-division of Kollan. Tinda (polluting).--A sub-division of Kanisan. Tinda Kuruppu, meaning a teacher who cannot approach, is a synonym of the Kavutiyan barber caste. Tiperum (ti, fire).--A sub-division of Kollan blacksmiths. Tiragati Gantlavallu (wandering bell hunters).--Stated, in the Manual of the Vizagapatam district, to repair hand-mills, catch antelopes, and sell the skins thereof. In hunting, they use lights and bells. Tirlasetti (the name of a Balija Chetti).--An exogamous sept of Yanadi. Tirumalpad.--Tirumalpad has been summed up as "one of the four divisions of Kshatriyas in Travancore. The term, in its literal sense, conveys the idea of those who wait before kings. In mediæval times the Tirumalpads were commanders of armies." By Mr. Wigram [15] Tirumalpad is defined as a member of a Royal Family. In the Madras Census Report, 1891, it is stated that "there are two Tirumalpads, one a Samanta, and the other a so-called Kshatriya. The former observes customs and manners exactly similar to Eradis and Nedungadis. In fact, these are all more or less interchangeable terms, members of the same family calling themselves indifferently Eradi or Tirumalpad. The Kshatriya Tirumalpad wears the sacred thread, and the rites he performs are similar to those of Brahmans, whose dress he has also adopted. He has, however, like Nayars, tali-kettu and sambandham separately. His females take Nambudiri consorts by preference, but may have husbands of their own caste. Their inheritance is in the female line, as among Nayars and Samantas. Generally the females of this caste furnish wives to Nambudiris. The touch of these females does not pollute a Nambudiri as does that of Nayars and Samantas, and, what is more, Nambudiris may eat their food. The females are called Nambashtadiri."