(c) Broth or curry made of vegetables purchased in the bazar, wild vegetables and pot-herbs, which, together with ground orchids, the Todas may often be seen rooting up with a sharp-pointed digging-stick on the hill-sides. The Todas scornfully deny the use of aphrodisiacs, but both men and women admit that they take salep misri boiled in milk, to make them strong. Salep misri is made from the tubers (testicles de chiens) of various species of Eulophia and Habenaria belonging to the natural order Orchideæ. The indigenous edible plants and pot-herbs include the following:-- (1) Cnicus Wallichii (thistle).--The roots and flower-stalks are stripped of their bark, and made into soup or curry. (2) Girardinia heterophylla (Nilgiri nettle).--The tender leafy shoots of vigorously growing plants are gathered, crushed by beating with a stick to destroy the stinging hairs, and made into soup or curry. The fibre of this plant, which is cultivated near the mands, is used for stitching the putkuli, with steel needles purchased in the bazar in lieu of the more primitive form. In the preparation of the fibre, the bark is thrown into a pot of boiling water, to which ashes have been added. After a few hours' boiling, the bark is taken out and the fibre extracted. (3) Tender shoots of bamboos eaten in the form of curry. (4) Alternanthera sessilis. Pot-herbs. Stellaria media. Amarantus spinosus. Amarantus polygonoides. The following list of plants, of which the fruits are eaten by the Todas, has been brought together by Mr. K. Rangachari:-- Eugenia Arnottiana.--The dark purple juice of the fruit of this tree is used by Toda women for painting beauty spots on their faces. Rubus ellipticus. Wild raspberry. Rubus molucanus. Rubus lasiocarpus. Fragaria nilgerrensis, wild strawberry. Elæagnus latifolia. Said by Dr. Mason to make excellent tarts and jellies. Gaultheria fragrantissima. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, hill gooseberry. Loranthus neelgherrensis. Parasitic on trees. Loranthus loniceroides. Elæocarpus oblongus. Elæocarpus Munronii. Berberis aristata. Barberry. Berberis nepalensis. Solanum nigrum. Vaccinium Leschenaultii. Vaccinium nilgherrense. Toddalia aculeata. Ceropegia pusilla. To which may be added mushrooms. A list containing the botanical and Toda names of trees, shrubs, etc., used by the Todas in their ordinary life, or in their ceremonial, is given by Dr. Rivers. [38]