Cato Maior de Senectute with Introduction and NotesCicero, Marcus Tullius
Philosophy
Cato Maior de Senectute with Introduction and Notes
Cicero, Marcus Tullius
Old age -- Early works to 1800
_Pure_ implies moral stainlessness, _eleganter_, literally 'in choice
fashion', implies daintiness combined with simplicity in regard to the
external conditions of life. The same ideas are put together in Sull. 79
_cum summa elegantia atque integritate vixistis_. -- AETATIS: see n. on 5.
-- PLACIDA AC LENIS: 'quiet and mild'; _placida_ refers to the external
surroundings, _lenis_ to the temper and character. -- ACCEPIMUS: _sc.
fuisse_; for the ellipsis of the infinitive cf. n. on 22 _videretur_. --
UNO ET OCTOGESIMO: but below _quarto_ (not _quattuor_) _nonagesimo_. In the
compound _ordinal_ numbers corresponding to those _cardinal_ numbers which
are made up of one and a multiple of ten, the Latins use _unus_ oftener
than _primus_, which would be strictly correct; so in English 'one and
eightieth' for 'eighty-first'. The ordinary Grammar rule (Roby, Vol. I, p.
443 'the _ordinal_ not the _cardinal_ is used in giving the date') requires
slight correction. For the position of the words see G. 94, 3; H. 174,
footnote 3. -- SCRIBENS EST MORTUUS: 'died while still engaged upon his
works'; cf. 23 _num Platonem ... coegit in suis studiis obmutiscere
senectus?_ Diog. Laert. 3, 2 quoting Hermippus (a Greek writer of biography
who lived about the time of the Second Punic war), says that Plato died in
the middle of a marriage-feast at which he was a guest. Val. Max. 8, 7, 3
gives a slightly different account. -- ISOCRATI: this form of the genitive
of Greek proper names in _-es_ was probably used by Cicero rather than the
form in _-is_; see Madvig on Fin. 1, 14; Neue, Formenlehre, 1² 332.
Isocrates, the greatest teacher of rhetoric of his time, lived from 436 to
338, when he died by voluntary starvation owing to his grief at the loss of
Greek freedom through the battle of Chaeronea. Milton, Sonnet X. 'That
dishonest victory At Chaeronea, fatal to liberty, Kill'd with report that
old man eloquent'. -- EUM ... INSCRIBITUR: the periphrasis is common, and
the verb _inscribere_ is nearly always in the present tense (in later prose
as well as in Cicero) as in 59. This is sometimes the case even where the
neighboring verbs are in past tenses, as in Acad. 1, 12 _nec se tenuit quin
contra suum doctorem librum etiam ederet qui Sosus inscribitur_. The
present seems to mean that the name mentioned is continually given to each
copy of the book as produced; where the continuing multiplication of copies
is not looked to, we have the perfect, as Att. 8, 5, 2 _tu fasciculum_
(bundle of letters) _qui est inscriptus 'des M'. Curio', velim cures ad eum
perferendum_. Cf. also De Or. 2, 61 _deceptus indicibus librorum qui sunt
fere inscripti_ ('to which the authors--once for all--have given the
titles') _de virtute, de iustitia_, etc.; so Div. 2, 1 _eo libro qui
inscriptus Hortensius_. -- DICIT: the 'Panathenaicus', an encomium of
Athens written for recitation at the great festival of the Panathenaea, is
among the works of Isocrates which we still possess. In c. 1 Isocrates says
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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