Cavity-Nesting Birds of North American Forests: Agriculture Handbook 511Scott, Virgil E.
Science
Cavity-Nesting Birds of North American Forests: Agriculture Handbook 511
Scott, Virgil E.
Birds -- Nests; Birds -- North America; Cavity-nesting birds -- North America; Forest birds -- North America
Nest: These small owls prefer to nest in old flicker or other woodpecker
holes (Bent 1938). Nesting habitat may be improving in areas where Dutch
Elm disease has infested many elms, and woodpeckers have drilled nest
holes (Hamerstrom 1972). Saw-whets will use nesting boxes if sawdust or
straw is provided. Nest boxes should be 6 × 6 × 9 inches with a 2.5-inch
entrance hole (Hamerstrom 1972).
Food: Saw-whet owls consume mostly small mammals and insects. Specific
food items include mice, shrews, young squirrels, chipmunks, bats,
beetles, grasshoppers, and occasionally small birds (Scott and Patton
1975, Burton 1973, Hamerstrom 1972, Bent 1938).
Chimney swift
_Chaetura pelagica_
L 5″ W 12½″
[Illustration]
Habitat: Chimney swifts are found throughout the eastern half of the
United States in wooded and open areas. They have adopted to man-made
structures and are no longer dependent upon hollow trees for nesting and
roosting.
Nest: Originally chimney swifts nested in hollow trees, especially
sycamores. They now use chimneys, barn silos, cisterns, and wells
(Pearson 1936). Their nests are made of twigs, which are glued to a
vertical surface with saliva to form a “half-saucer” (Forbush and May
1939).
Food: Chimney swifts feed almost entirely on flying insects but will
sometimes take small caterpillars hanging from tree branches or leaves
(Forbush and May 1939).
Vaux’s swift
_Chaetura vauxi_
L 4½″
[Illustration]
Habitat: This small swift is most likely to be found in river valleys
among dense Douglas-fir and redwood forests in the western United
States.
Nest: Nests are usually located in tall hollow snags in burned or logged
areas and are made from twigs (Peterson 1961, Robbins et al. 1966).
Nests have been reported in unused chimneys and under building eaves
(Bent 1940).
Food: Flying insects such as mosquitoes, gnats, flies, and small beetles
captured in flight probably make up the entire diet (Bent 1940).
Coppery-tailed trogon
_Trogon elegans_
L 10″
[Illustration]
Habitat: Coppery-tailed trogons can be found along riparian streams and
in pine-oak forests in Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and southern
Texas.
Nest: Nests are found 12 to 40 feet above the ground in deserted large
woodpecker holes (Bent 1940). Cottonwood and sycamore snags are usually
selected for nests. Of the 34 species in the family Trogonidae, this is
the only one that breeds in the United States (Wetmore 1964).
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