Cavity-Nesting Birds of North American Forests: Agriculture Handbook 511Scott, Virgil E.
Science
Cavity-Nesting Birds of North American Forests: Agriculture Handbook 511
Scott, Virgil E.
Birds -- Nests; Birds -- North America; Cavity-nesting birds -- North America; Forest birds -- North America
Food: The diet of the black-capped chickadee is comprised of 70 percent
animal and 30 percent vegetable matter. Mast, chiefly from coniferous
trees, and fruits of bayberry, blackberry, blueberry, and poison ivy
make up the bulk of the vegetable matter. Animal material eaten (mostly
insects) includes caterpillars, eggs, moths, spiders, and beetles.
Winter diet is primarily larvae, eggs, katydids, and spiders (Bent 1946,
Martin et al. 1951).
Carolina chickadee
_Parus carolinensis_
L 4¼″
[Illustration]
Habitat: The Carolina chickadee, which inhabits the southeastern
forests, is a slightly smaller version of the black-capped chickadee. In
Missouri, the Carolina chickadee nests south of the Missouri River
throughout the Ozarks.
Nest: The nesting habits of the black-capped and Carolina chickadees are
quite similar. They occasionally nest in natural cavities or deserted
holes of woodpeckers, but commonly excavate their own nest cavity in
decaying wood of dead trunks or limbs of deciduous trees (Bent 1946).
Black-capped and Carolina chickadees line their nesting cavities with
fine grasses and feathers.
Food: Food habits of the Carolina chickadee are also very similar to
those of the black-capped chickadee. Food consists of insects and a
variety of fleshy fruits and seeds (Bent 1946).
Mexican chickadee
_Parus sclateri_
L 4¼″
[Illustration]
Habitat: This species inhabits pine and spruce forests from 7,000 to
10,000 feet elevation just inside the United States in the Chiricahua
Mountains of Arizona and the Animas Mountains of New Mexico (Phillips et
al. 1964).
Nest: Mexican chickadees excavate nest holes in dead trees or branches.
One nest was found in a willow stub about 5 feet above the ground (Bent
1946).
Food: No information on diet was found in the literature.
Mountain chickadee
_Parus gambeli_
L 4¼″
[Illustration]
Habitat: This common little chickadee can be found in most coniferous
forests of the West from 6,000 to 11,000 feet (Bent 1946).
Nest: Mountain chickadees usually nest in natural cavities or abandoned
woodpecker holes, and probably do not excavate their own cavities if
suitable ones are available (Bent 1946). Winternitz (1973) reported five
nests in live aspen and one in a dead aspen, 6 to 15 feet above ground.
In Arizona, we have found five nests in live aspen, three in aspen
snags, two in ponderosa pine snags, and one in a white fir snag.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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