Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 1 (of 3), History and ethnologySkene, W. F. (William Forbes)
History
Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 1 (of 3), History and ethnology
Skene, W. F. (William Forbes)
Celts -- Scotland; Civilization, Celtic; Scotland -- Antiquities, Celtic; Scotland -- History -- To 1603
The Antona has been supposed to be the Avon, and an emendation of the
text to Aufona has been proposed. This has been pronounced to be a
happy conjecture, but the author does not think so. Avon is derived
from no word that could possibly assume the form of Aufona; and it is
difficult to understand what a line of forts from the Avon to the
Severn was to accomplish. The Nen, which has also been suggested,
confines the province too much. It was more probably the Don, which
falls into the Humber. The Don and the Severn were connected by the
Fosseway and the forts along its line. That the province had reached
the frontier of the Brigantes in the reign of Claudius, may be
inferred from the lines of Lucius Annæus Seneca:—
Ille Britannos Ultra noti
Litora ponti Et cæruleos,
Scuta Brigantas Dare Romuleis,
Colla catenis Jussit, etc.
Footnote 30:
See chap. ii. note ^{63}.
Footnote 31:
Pomponius Mela (A.D. 45) mentions them—‘Triginta sunt Orcades,
angustis inter se ductæ spatiis: septem Hæmodæ, contra Germaniam
vectae’ (_De s. orb._ iii. 6). Eutropius has ‘quasdam insulas etiam
ultra Britanniam in Oceano positas Romano imperio addidit (Claudius)
quae appellantur Orcades’ (_Hist. Rom._ lib. iv. c. 13). It is
difficult to reconcile this statement with that of Tacitus, that
Agricola first made the Orcades known. That any conquest took place in
either case is unlikely, and they were probably annexed to the Roman
Empire in the sense in which an island in the Pacific, when first
observed, is declared to belong to Britain, and named Victoria. The
existence and position of the Orkneys may have become known under
Claudius, and first actually seen under Agricola.
Footnote 32:
The anonymous geographer of Ravenna gives a list of the towns of
Britain when the Romans left the island. Though plainly not stated in
any regular order, they are still manifestly grouped according to
situation, and those north and south of the walls can be clearly
distinguished. Among those north of the wall, between the Solway and
the Tyne, is the town called by him Venusio, and the identity of the
name shows its connection with Venusius.
Footnote 33:
Tacit. _Annal._ lib. xii. c. 40. The expression ‘regnum ejus invadunt’
shows that Cartismandua’s kingdom was now distinguished from that in
the interest of Venusius. ‘Acre prælium fecere cujus initio ambiguo
finis lætior fuit.’
Footnote 34:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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