Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 3 (of 3), Land and peopleSkene, W. F. (William Forbes)
History
Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 3 (of 3), Land and people
Skene, W. F. (William Forbes)
Celts -- Scotland; Civilization, Celtic; Scotland -- Antiquities, Celtic; Scotland -- History -- To 1603
The Honor price of the _Ogaire_ was three _Seds_, but they must be
_Seds_ of the cow kind. Five _Seds_ that of a _Boaire_; ten _Seds_ that
of the _Aire desa_; fifteen that of the _Aire ard_; twenty that of the
_Aire tuisi_; twenty-four that of the _Aire forgaill_; thirty _Seds_
that of the Tanist or successor to the king of the tribe; and seven
_Cumhals_, or twenty-one cows, that of the king himself. The king of a
_Mortuath_ has an additional _Cumhal_, or three cows more, to make up
his Honor price. The Honor price of a son of each rank was equal to that
of the rank immediately below it. The intentional slaughter, then, of
one of these persons might be compensated by payment of the Eric fine,
which was equal to the Honor price of the person slain. Other fines were
the Dire fine for injury to a man’s property, and the _Smacht_ or body
fine. A share of these fines fell to the _Flath_ or chief under whom the
person injured was, and also to the king of the tribe, which formed no
insignificant portion of his revenue.
[Sidenote: System of land measures.]
In combination with the tribal organisation, there was also in Ireland
an ancient system of fixed land measures adapted to it. The largest of
these divisions was the _Trichaced_, which was considered as the normal
extent of the _Tuath_ or territory of a tribe. It contained thirty
_Bailebiataghs_, and each _Bailebiatagh_ twelve _Seisrighs_ or
ploughlands, also termed _Ballyboes_, and these were the townships, and
the distribution of the land among the freemen of the tribe appears to
have been separately allotted in each township to its occupants. An
ancient poem,[176] printed by Mr. O’Donovan in his edition of the Battle
of Magh Lena, gives probably the oldest view of these land divisions
over all Ireland, as it is attributed to the same Finntan who is said to
have preserved the record of the ancient mythic colonisation of Ireland.
The poem is thus translated by Mr. O’Donovan, the denomination of land
being, however, retained untranslated:—
1. How many Trichas in noble Erinn,
How many half Trichas to accord,
How many Bailes in linked array,
How many doth each Baile sustain.
2. How many Bailes and Tricha-ceds,
In Erinn the abundant in wealth.
I say unto thee—an assertion with sense—
I defy all the learned to confute it.
3. Do not say that you defy me,
Said Finntan, the man of sense;
I am the most learned that has been
In Alban, in Erinn.
4. Ten Bailes in each Tricha-ced,
And twenty Bailes (thirty in all), it is no falsehood;
Though small their number to us appears,
Their extent form a noble country (Crich).
5. A Baile sustains three hundred cows,
With twelve Seisrighs, it is no lie;
Four full herds may therein roam,
With no cow of either touching the other.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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