Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 3 (of 3), Land and peopleSkene, W. F. (William Forbes)
History
Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 3 (of 3), Land and people
Skene, W. F. (William Forbes)
Celts -- Scotland; Civilization, Celtic; Scotland -- Antiquities, Celtic; Scotland -- History -- To 1603
A similar burden under different names emerges in Galloway, when in a
charter by David II. to Sir John Heris, knight of the barony of
Terreglis, in Dumfriesshire, in which it is declared ‘free of _Sorryn_
and _Fachalos_ unless officers come through it with a robber or with the
head of a robber; and if they, the king’s officers, can pass beyond the
barony before sunsetting, they shall have nothing for their expenses,
and if they cannot pass beyond the barony before sunsetting they shall
have hospitality for that night (_hospicium ad hospitandum_),’ etc.
_Sorren_ was a tax imposed in Ireland upon the possession of land for
the clothing, feeding, and supporting the galloglasses and kernes. It
was originally a night’s meal upon land passed through, and _Fachalos_
was probably the Irish _Fechtfele_, which is explained as ‘the first
night’s entertainment we receive at each other’s house.’[294]
[Sidenote: Expedition and hosting.]
The _Feacht_ and _Sluaged_ (_expeditio et exercitus_) consisted of a
general obligation, originally upon the members of the tribe, and
afterwards upon the possessors and occupiers of what had been tribe
territory, to follow their superiors and chiefs as well as the _Ardri_
or sovereign in his expeditions and wars. They are usually termed
expedition and hosting, and in Scotland the burden was apportioned upon
the davach of land. It is probably this burden that is referred to in
the Book of Deer, where we are told that the ‘_Mormaer_ and _Toisech_
immolated all the offerings to God and to devotion, and to Saint
Columcille and to Peter the Apostle, free from all the burdens, for a
portion of four davachs of what would come on the chief tribe residences
generally and on the chief churches.’ These obligations seem to have
constituted what is called in charters Scottish service (_servitium
Scoticanum_), and were of two kinds, internal and external, the one
representing the _Feacht_ or expedition, and the other the _Sluaged_ or
hosting. We find them distinguished in a charter by Waldevus de
Stratheihan to the church of St. Andrews of the lands of Blaregeroge,
which are granted ‘free from all exaction and service, internal and
external’ (_sine omne exactione et servitio intrinseco et
forinseco_);[295] and their connection with the Davach appears very
clearly from three Charters, one by Alexander II. to the abbey of Scone
of the lands of Magna et Parva Blar, which contains in the reddendo the
clause, ‘rendering the external service only which pertains to five
davachs of land, that pertaining to the sixth davach being
remitted.’[296] In another by the Earl of Stratherne to Willelmus de
Moravia, the lands are granted free of ‘every service except the
external Scottish service of our lord the king;’[297] and in a third
charter by Alexander the Second to the abbey of Arbroath of the lands of
Tarvays, consisting of four davachs and a half davach and quarter
davach, they are granted ‘rendering the external service in the army
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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