Sec. 1. Layard's arrival at Nimrud. His excitement and dreams.--Sec. 2. Beginning of difficulties. The Ogre-like Pasha of Mossul.--Sec. 3. Opposition from the Pasha. His malice and cunning.--Sec. 4. Discovery of the gigantic head. Fright of the Arabs, who declare it to be Nimrod.--Sec. 5. Strange ideas of the Arabs about the sculptures.--Sec. 6. Layard's life in the desert.--Sec. 7. Terrible heat of summer.--Sec. 8. Sand-storms and hot hurricanes.--Sec. 9. Layard's wretched dwelling.--Sec. 10. Unsuccessful attempts at improvement.--Sec. 11. In what the task of the explorer consists.--Sec. 12. Different modes of carrying on the work of excavation. III. THE RUINS 36-93 Sec. 1. Every country's culture and art determined by its geographical conditions.--Sec. 2. Chaldea's absolute deficiency in wood and stone.--Sec. 3. Great abundance of mud fit for the fabrication of bricks; hence the peculiar architecture of Mesopotamia. Ancient ruins still used as quarries of bricks for building. Trade of ancient bricks at Hillah.--Sec. 4. Various cements used.--Sec. 5. Construction of artificial platforms.--Sec. 6. Ruins of Ziggurats; peculiar shape, and uses of this sort of buildings.--Sec. 7. Figures showing the immense amount of labor used on these constructions.--Sec. 8. Chaldean architecture adopted unchanged by the Assyrians.--Sec. 9. Stone used for ornament and casing of walls. Water transport in old and modern times.--Sec. 10. Imposing aspect of the palaces.--Sec. 11. Restoration of Sennacherib's palace by Fergusson.--Sec. 12. Pavements of palace halls.--Sec. 13. Gateways and sculptured slabs along the walls. Friezes in painted tiles.--Sec. 14. Proportions of palace halls and roofing.--Sec. 15. Lighting of halls.--Sec. 16. Causes of the kings' passion for building.--Sec. 17. Drainage of palaces and platforms.--Sec. 18. Modes of destruction.--Sec. 19. The Mounds a protection to the ruins they contain. Refilling the excavations.--Sec. 20. Absence of ancient tombs in Assyria.--Sec. 21. Abundance and vastness of cemeteries in Chaldea.--Sec. 22. Warka (Erech) the great Necropolis. Loftus' description.--Sec. 23. "Jar-coffins."--Sec. 24. "Dish-cover" coffins.--Sec. 25. Sepulchral vaults.--Sec. 26. "Slipper-shaped" coffins.--Sec. 27. Drainage of sepulchral mounds.--Sec. 28. Decoration of walls in painted clay-cones.--Sec. 29. De Sarzec's discoveries at Tell-Loh. IV. THE BOOK OF THE PAST.--THE LIBRARY OF NINEVEH 94-115