Chambers's Edinburgh Journal, No. 448: Volume 18, New Series, July 31, 1852Various
General
Chambers's Edinburgh Journal, No. 448: Volume 18, New Series, July 31, 1852
Various
Periodicals
The lecture with which Professor Faraday wound up the course at the
Royal Institution may be mentioned here, seeing that it adds somewhat
to our knowledge of the theory and phenomena of magnetism. As usual,
the lecture-room was crowded; and those who could not understand, had
at least the satisfaction of being able to say they were present. Mr
Faraday, who, enlarging upon his view, announced, a short time since,
that there are such things as magnetic lines of force, now contends
that these lines have a 'physical character'--a point most
satisfactorily proved by sundry experiments during the lecture. The
inquiry is one, as Mr Faraday observes, on the 'very edge of science,'
trenching on the bounds of speculation; but such as eminently to
provoke research. The phenomena, he says, 'lead on, by deduction and
correction, to the discovery of new phenomena; and so cause an
increase and advancement of real physical truth, which, unlike the
hypothesis that led to it, becomes fundamental knowledge, not subject
to change.' A chief point of discussion to which the investigations
have led is: Whether the phenomena of what we call gravity may not be
resolvable into those of magnetism--a force acting at a distance, or
by lines of power. 'There is one question,' continues Mr Faraday, 'in
relation to gravity, which, if we could ascertain or touch it, would
greatly enlighten us. It is, whether gravitation requires _time_. If
it did, it would shew undeniably that a physical agency existed in the
course of the line of force. It seems equally impossible to prove or
disprove this point; since there is no capability of suspending,
changing, or annihilating the power (gravity), or annihilating the
matter in which the power resides.' The lines of magnetic force may
have 'a separate existence,' but as yet we are unable to tell whether
these lines 'are analogous to those of gravitation, acting at a
distance; or whether, having a physical existence, they are more like
in their nature to those of electric induction or the electric
current.' Mr Faraday inclines at present to the latter view. He
'affirms' the lines of magnetic force from actual experiment, and
'advocates' their physical nature 'chiefly with a view of stating the
question of their existence; and though,' he adds, 'I should not have
raised the argument unless I had thought it both important and likely
to be answered ultimately in the affirmative, I still hold the opinion
with some hesitation, with as much, indeed, as accompanies any
conclusion I endeavour to draw respecting points in the very depths of
science--as, for instance, one, two, or no electric fluids; or the
real nature of a ray of light; or the nature of attraction, even that
of gravity itself; or the general nature of matter.' These are
profound views; but we may reasonably conclude, that, however obscure
they may at present appear, they will in time be cleared up and
further developed by the gifted philosopher from whom they emanate.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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