Re-making the patient’s bed is our next consideration. If well enough to go into another room, he should either be carried there, or laid on a sofa and wheeled in. As soon as he is out of the way, the window of the sick-room should be thrown open to its widest, and the bed-clothes taken off one by one, well shaken, and left so exposed that the air can circulate freely around them. The mattresses should share the same treatment, and if possible, be left for a few minutes before being replaced. The patient will indeed be peculiar who does not enjoy the refreshment of a bed thus aired. But in helpless illness, the changing of bedding is a more complicated matter, and needs practice to make perfect. There are two ways of changing the under-sheet The first may be used when the patient is not quite helpless, and the nurse has to work alone. The soiled sheet is freed at the top, and after the removal of pillows and bolster, is rolled up to the patient’s head; the clean sheet, after being well tucked in at the top, is loosely rolled in such a way as to lie close against the soiled one; they must now be worked down together, rolling the soiled, and unrolling the clean, the patient raising himself on elbows and feet just enough for the nurse to pass the sheets under him. In this way it is possible to get the under-sheet smooth and tight; but it is not an easy thing, and an assistant should be had if possible. If help is to be had, and in all cases where the patient is quite powerless, it is better to adopt the second plan. Remove the pillows and bolster, so that the patient lies quite flat in bed; turn him over on his side with his back to you. Loosen the sheet lengthways, and proceed with the rolling and unrolling as before, till the rolls come close up to the patient’s back. Depress the mattress under him, whilst the assistant draws the sheet through, and in so doing, slowly turns the patient on his back. He will now be lying on the clean sheet, and the difficulty is over. The trained nurse will be able to do this without removing the upper clothing, and in no case should all the coverings be taken away. Draw-sheets may be removed in the same way, but being small, are easier to manage. Some people tack or pin the clean to the dirty, and draw through whilst an assistant keeps the patient raised. Changing the upper clothes is not such a serious undertaking, though seldom properly managed by amateurs. The counterpane and blanket may be taken quite off the bed, and given to an assistant to shake, outside the room; but the sheet must never be removed without an immediate substitute. A good plan is to loosen the soiled sheet all round, tuck the clean one well in at the foot, and draw the free end upwards, under the dirty sheet, which is gradually drawn away or rolled up. As a general rule, the patient’s bed should be made and his night-shirt changed at least once a day, and cases where