Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, and Art, No. 720, October 13, 1877 — John Shaqi
Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, and Art, No. 720, October 13, 1877Various
General
Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, and Art, No. 720, October 13, 1877
Various
Periodicals
Pity it is that in our own country time is so unthriftily squandered.
Obviously there is a growing disposition among the operative classes
to diminish the daily hours of labour, to the detriment of individual
and general prosperity. When we began life, ten hours a day, or sixty
in the week, were considered a fair thing. Then came a diminution
to nine, to eight hours, along with whole and half-holidays, but no
lowering of wages. How this is to go on, we are unable to explain. We
fear that unless something like common-sense intervene, a degree of
individual and national disaster will ensue scarcely contemplated by
the votaries of 'St Lubbock.' In his late speech at the opening of the
Manchester Town-hall, Mr Bright adverted to the awkward consequences
of indefinitely shortening the hours of labour. He is reported to
have said: 'We have for many years past been gradually diminishing the
period of time during which our machinery can work. We are surrounded
by a combination whose object is not only to diminish the time of
labour and the products of labour, but to increase the remuneration of
labour. Every half an hour you diminish the time of labour, and every
farthing you raise the payment of labour which is not raised by the
ordinary economic and proper causes, has exactly the same effect upon
us as the increase of the tariffs of foreign countries. Thus we often
find, with all our philanthropy in wishing the people to have more
recreation, and with our anxiety that the workman should better his
condition through his combination, that we are ourselves aiding--it
may be inevitably and necessarily--but it is a fact that we are aiding
to increase the difficulties under which we labour in sending foreign
countries the products of the industry of these districts; and we
must bear in mind that great cities have fallen before Manchester and
Liverpool were known; and that there have been great cities, great
mercantile cities on the shores of the Mediterranean, the cities of
Phœnicia, the cities of Carthage, Genoa, and Venice.' Such sentiments
are worth taking to heart. The preaching up of recreation, otherwise
idleness, has gone rather too far. We begin to perceive that wages can
be paid only in proportion to work done, and that if people choose to
amuse themselves, there must correspondingly be a new adjustment of
payments.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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