Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, and Art, No. 752, May 25, 1878Various
History
Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, and Art, No. 752, May 25, 1878
Various
Periodicals
‘I kept,’ says Levi Coffin, ‘a team and wagon always at command, to
convey the fugitive slaves on their journey. These journeys had to be
made at night, often through deep and bad roads, and along by-ways
that were seldom travelled. Every precaution to evade pursuit had to
be used, as the hunters were often on the track, and sometimes ahead
of the slaves. We had different routes for sending the slaves to
depôts ten, fifteen, or twenty miles distant; and when we heard of
slave-hunters having passed on one road, we forwarded our passengers
by another. Sometimes we learned that the pursuers were ahead of them;
and we sent a messenger and had the fugitives brought back to my house,
to lie in concealment till they had lost the trail.... Three principal
lines from the south converged at my house—one from Cincinnati, one
from Madison, and one from Jeffersonville, Indiana. There was no lack
of passengers. Seldom a week passed without our receiving them. We
knew not what night or what hour of the night we would be roused from
slumber by a gentle rap at the door; that was the signal announcing the
arrival of a train of the U. G. R. R. I have often been awaked by this
signal, and sprung out of bed in the dark and opened the door. Outside
in the cold or rain there would be a two-horse wagon loaded with
fugitives, perhaps the greater part of them women and children. When
they were all safely inside and the door fastened, I would cover the
windows, strike a light, and build a good fire. By this time my wife
would be up and preparing victuals for them; and in a short time the
cold and hungry fugitives would be made comfortable. I would accompany
the conductor of the train’ [that is, the driver of the wagon; in
America the guard of a railway train is always called the conductor]
‘to the stable, and care for the horses, that had perhaps been driven
twenty-five or thirty miles that night through the cold and rain.
The fugitives would rest on pallets before the fire the rest of the
night. The companies varied in number from two or three to seventeen
fugitives.’
Such was the work which for twenty years this good man carried on
in Newport. He had often to set his wits hard at work to foil the
slave-hunters, and more than once ran serious personal risk. The whole
undertaking must have cost him a heavy expenditure of time, labour,
and money. But he was not content with this. He organised in Newport a
store where cotton goods were sold that had been manufactured entirely
by free labour; and for this purpose took a journey to the South to
establish relations with planters who employed only freemen. He and his
friends then formed a league, each member of which bound himself to
purchase no goods on the production of which slaves had been employed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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