In the ninth century we find established here the Seigneurs of Senlis, who bore the name of _Bouteillers_, from their hereditary task of wine-controllers to the Kings of France--an honorary post which they held for some centuries. But the last scion of that sturdy race, having seen his castle pillaged during the Jacquerie of 1358, died without issue. After changing hands through three decades, Chantilly in 1386 became the property of Pierre d'Orgemont, Chancellor to Charles V of France, who laid the foundations of an imposing feudal fortress, flanked by seven stately towers. Several centuries later a change again occurred in the ownership of Chantilly. By default of male issue it passed into the possession of Jean II, Baron de Montmorency, who married Marguerite, sole heiress of the Orgemonts; and with this illustrious family Chantilly emerged from comparative obscurity into historical fame. Henceforth it became a favourite centre for the leading men of France, and within its hospitable walls kings and princes found sumptuous entertainment. Matrimonial alliance in the beginning of the seventeenth century brought the property into the family of the Condés, a younger branch of the Bourbons; and later still, by the marriage of the last Prince de Condé with Princesse Bathilde d'Orléans, and the tragic death of their only son, the Duc d'Enghien, Chantilly passed into the possession of its last private owner, Prince Henri d'Orléans, Duc d'Aumale. The family of the Montmorencys was well known and famous in France during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, but became extinct under Richelieu, who, for reasons of state, sent the last scion of that race, Henri de Montmorency, to the scaffold. [Illustration: Plate II. Photo. Giraudon. GUILLAUME DE MONTMORENCY. Attributed to J. Perréal. Musée Condé.] Guillaume, son of Jean de Montmorency, who married the heiress of Chantilly, joined in an expedition to Italy under Charles VIII of France. There are portraits of him in the Louvre, and at Lyons, whilst a fine crayon drawing representing him in his younger days is to be found in the portfolios of the Musée Condé. He it was who, in 1515, constructed the Chapel of the Château, obtaining from Pope Leo X a bull for its foundation. He married Anne de Pot, and their eldest son was the famous Anne de Montmorency, known as the _Grand Connétable_. Queen Anne of Brittany held him at the baptismal font, conferring upon him her own name, and he was educated with the Duc d'Angoulême, afterwards King Francis I.