Nathan, the son of Yechiel, lexicographer, 121. Nehardea, centre of Jewish learning, 44. Nehemiah Chayun, Kabbalist, 176. New-Hebrew, as a literary language, 83. New-Hebrew poetry, and the Scriptures, 107. characteristics of, 108-109. after Jehuda Halevi, 130-131, 132. _See also_ Piyut. Nezikin, order of the Mishnah, 31. Nicholas, monk, translator, 150. "Novelties," Notes on the Talmud, 234. Numeo, character in Samuel Usque's poem, 218. Obadiah of Bertinoro, Rabbi of Jerusalem, 206. Omar, forbids Jews to enter Jerusalem, 205. Onkelos. _See_ Aquila. Orach Chayim, part of the Shulchan Aruch, 239, 240. "Order of Generations, The," by Yechiel Heilprin, 220. "Order of the Tannaim and Amoraim," 212. Orders of the Mishnah, 31. Origen, under Jewish influence, 48. Pablo Christiani, convert, and Nachmanides, 164. Palestine, the Kalirian Piyut in, 85. the Maimon family in, 135. explored, 204-205. open to Jews, 205-206. Parables, in the Midrash, 60-64. examples of, 62, 63. Parallelism of line, in the Scriptures, 108. Passover, hymn for, 86. "Path of Life, The," part of the Shulchan Aruch, 239, 240. "Path of the Upright, The," by Moses Chayim Luzzatto, 193. Penso, Joseph Felix, dramatist, 246. Pentateuch, the, translated, 27, 247, 258. as viewed by Meir, 27. commentary on, 166-168, 230. _See also_ Scriptures, the. Perakim, chapters of the Mishnah, 31. Perez of Corbeil, Tossafist, 161. "Perfection," by David Kimchi, 117. Persia, the Jews of, independent, 72. _See also_ Babylonia. Pesikta, a Midrashic work, 58. Petachiah of Ratisbon, traveller, 204. "Phædo, or the Immortality of the Soul," by Mendelssohn, 257. Philo, on Judaism, 38. Philosophy, Jewish, created by Saadiah, 91, 95. Pico di Mirandola, and the Kabbala, 174. Piyut, the, characteristics of, 83-84. two types of, 84-85. Kalirian, 85. Spanish, 85. creator of, 85-86. by Samuel Ibn Nagdela, 105. in Italy, 186. Poetry. _See_ New-Hebrew poetry; Piyut. Poland, the Kalirian Piyut in, 85. Porphyry, on the Book of Daniel, 48. Prayer-Book, the, compiled by Amram, 70. arranged by Saadiah, 95. Prester John, Eldad on, 203. "Prince and Nazirite," by Abraham Ibn Chisdai, 154-155. Provence, the Spanish Piyut in, 85. Jewish learning in, 146. Proverbs, in the Midrash, 59-60. quoted, 59. Psalms, the, and new-Hebrew poetry, 104-105, 108. mysticism in, 169, 170. Ptolemy, works of, translated, 149, 185. Pumbeditha, centre of Jewish learning, 44, 72. "Purim Tractate, The," by Kalonymos, 185-186. Pygmies, the, discovered by Tobiah Cohen, 209. "Questions and Answers," decisions, 73. Rab. _See_ Abba Areka. Rabba, the son of Nachmani, Amora, 51. Rabbi. _See_ Judah the Prince. Rabbinical schools, in Babylonia, 44. Rabina, Amora, compiler of the Talmud, 51, 52. Ralbag. _See_ Levi, the son of Gershon. Ramban. _See_ Nachmanides, Moses. Rashbam. _See_ Samuel ben Meir.