Rashi (R. Shelomo Izchaki), importance of, 119. style of, 119-120. characteristics of, 120-121. life of, 122. as an exegete, 123-124. descendants of, 124, 161. Rava, Amora, 51. Rembrandt, friend of Manasseh ben Israel, 245. Renaissance, the, and Italian Jewish literature, 178, 182, 184, 187. Renan, on the students of Averroes, 148. "Responses," on religious subjects, 234-235, 237-238. Reuchlin, Johann, and the Kabbala, 174. Rhyme, in Hebrew poetry, 84. "Rod of Judah, The," by the Ibn Vergas, 218-219. Rokeach, by Eleazar of Worms, 191. "Royal Crown, The," by Solomon Ibn Gebirol, 110. quotation from, 111-112. Saadiah, Gaon, 70, 91-97. activities of, 91, 95. opposes Karaism, 92, 94. translates the Scriptures, 93, 94. style of, 93. conflict of, with the Exilarch, 95. arranges a prayer-book, 95. as a philosopher, 95-96, 139. works of, translated, 148. Sabbatai Zevi, and the Kabbala, 175. opponents of, 238. "Sacred Letter, The," by Nachmanides, 165. Safed, Kabbalist centre, 175. Sahal, the son of Mazliach, 77-78. Salman, the son of Yerucham, Karaite author, 78. Salonica, Kabbalist centre, 175. "Salvation of his Anointed," by Abarbanel, 229. "Samson," by Luzzatto, 246. Samuel, Amora, 47-48, 51. astronomer, 48. Samuel, the son of Chofni, Gaon and author, 71. Samuel ben Meir, exegete, 124. Samuel Ibn Nagdela, Nagid and minister, 103. as a scholar, 104. as a poet, 104-105. Samuel Ibn Tibbon, translator, 147, 148. son-in-law of, 148. Samuel Usque, poet, 217-218. Scientific activity of the Jews, 151. Scot, Michael, friend of Anatoli, 149, 151. Scriptures, the, translated into Greek, 26. commentaries on, 77, 79, 123, 229. translated into Arabic, 91, 93, 94. translations of, in the synagogues, 94. and new-Hebrew poetry, 107-108. characteristics of the poetry of, 108. addresses of parents to children in, 194. _See also_ Pentateuch, the. "Scroll of Fasting, The," contents, character, and purpose of, 40-41. Sedarim, order of the Mishnah, 31. Seder ha-Doroth, by Yechiel Heilprin, 220. Sefer Dikduk, by Sahal, the son of Mazliach, 79. Sefer ha-Chassidim, ethical work, 191. Sefer ha-Galui, by Saadiah, 93. Sefer ha-Kabbalah, by Abraham Ibn Daud, 213-214. Sefer Yetsirah, by Saadiah, 95. Kabbalistic, 175. Seleucid era, the, abolished, 238. Selichoth, elegies, Zunz on, 215-216. Sepphoris, centre of Jewish learning, 20. Septuagint, the, style of, 26. Seville, Jewish literary centre, 112. Shaaloth u-Teshuboth, decisions, 73. Shalsheleth ha-Kabbalah, by Gedaliah Ibn Yachya, 220. Shebet Jehudah, by the Ibn Vergas, 218-219. Sheeltoth, by Achai, 69-70. Sheloh, by Isaiah Hurwitz, 176. Shelomo Izchaki. _See_ Rashi. Sherira, Gaon and historian, 70-71. Sheshet family, writers of "Responses," 237. "Shields of the Mighty, The," by Abraham de Porta Leone, 220. Shiites, the, Mohammedan sect, 75. Shilte ha-Gibborim, by Abraham de Porta Leone, 220.