=Fates.= _The three Fatal Sisters_ were Clo´tho, Lachesis [_Lak´.e.sis_]. and At´ropos. They dwelt in the deep abyss of Demogorgon, “with unwearied fingers drawing out the threads of life.” Clotho held the spindle or distaff; Lachesis drew out the thread; and Atropos cut it off. Sad Clotho held the rock, the whiles the thread By grisly Lachesis was spun with pain, That cruel Atropos eftsoon undid, With cursëd knife cutting the twist in twain. Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, iv. 2. (1595). =Father—Son.= It is a common observation that a father above the common rate of men has usually a son below it. Witness King John son of Henry II.; Edward II. son of Edward I.; Richard II. son of the Black Prince; Henry VI. son of Henry V.; Lord Chesterfield’s son, etc. So in French history: Louis VIII. was the son of Philippe _Auguste_; Charles _the Idiot_ was the son of Charles _le Sage_; Henri II. of François I. Again, in German history: Heinrich VI. was the son of Barbarossa; Albrecht I. of Rudolf; and so on, in all directions. _Heroum filii noxæ_ is a Latin proverb. My trust, Like a good parent, did beget of him A falsehood, in its contrary as great As my trust was. Shakespeare, _The Tempest_, act i. sc. 2 (1609). =Father Suckled by His own Daughter.= Euphrasia, called “The Grecian Daughter,” thus preserved the life of her father Evander in prison. (SEE EUPHRASIA.) Xantippê thus preserved the life of her father Cimonos in prison. =A Father’s Head Nursed by a Daughter after Death.= Margaret Roper “clasped in her last trance her murdered father’s head.” (SEE DAUGHTER.) =Father of His Country.= CICERO, who broke up the Catiline conspiracy (B.C. 106-43). ⁂ The Romans offered the same title to Marĭus after his annihilation of the Teutŏnês and Cimbri, but he would not accept it. JULIUS CÆSAR, after he had quelled the Spanish insurrection (B.C. 100-44). AUGUSTUS, _P_ (B.C. 63-31 to A.D. 14). COSMO DE MEDICI (1389-1464). ANDREA DOREA; called so on his statue at Genoa (1468-1560). ANDRONI´CUS PALÆOL´OGUS assumed the title (1260-1332). GEORGE WASHINGTON, “Defender and Paternal Counseller of the American States” (1732-1799). =Father of the People=. LOUIS XII. of France (1462, 1498-1515). HENRI IV. of France, “The Father and Friend of the People” (1553, 1589-1610). LOUIS XVIII. of France (1755, 1814-1824). GABRIEL DU PINEAU, a French lawyer, (1573-1644). CHRISTIAN III. of Denmark (1502, 1534-1559). ⁂ For other “Fathers,” see under the specific name or vocation, as BOTANY, LITERATURE, and so on. =Fathers= (_Last of the_), St. Bernard (1091-1153). ⁂ The “Fathers of the Church” were followed by “the Schoolmen.” =Fatherless=. Merlin never had a father; his mother was a nun, the daughter of the king of Dimetia.