X. THE CAPTIVITY 234 XI. TRIAL AND DEATH 261 ENGRAVINGS. Page PORTRAIT OF HAMPDEN _Frontispiece_. ILLUMINATED TITLE TOWER OF LONDON 1 CHARLES I. AND ARMOR BEARER 10 QUEEN HENRIETTA MARIA 11 WINDSOR CASTLE 22 THE ESCURIAL 55 ST. STEPHEN'S 76 LAMBETH PALACE 133 WESTMINSTER HALL 187 STRAFFORD AND LAUD 199 THE KING'S ADHERENTS ENTERING YORK 221 THE LANDING OF THE QUEEN 228 NEWARK 236 CARISBROOKE CASTLE 254 RUINS OF CARISBROOKE CASTLE 265 [Illustration: CHARLES I. AND ARMOR BEARER] [Illustration: QUEEN HENRIETTA MARIA] KING CHARLES I. CHAPTER I. HIS CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH. 1600-1622 Born in Scotland.--The circumstance explained.--Princess Anne.--Royal marriages.--Getting married by proxy.--James thwarted.--Getting married by proxy.--James thwarted.--James in Copenhagen.--Charles's feeble infancy.--Death of Elizabeth.--Accession of James to the English crown.--Second sight.--Prediction fulfilled.--An explanation.--Charles's titles of nobility.--Charles's governess.--Windsor Castle.--Journey to London.--A mother's love.--Rejoicings.--Charles's continued feebleness.--His progress in learning.--Charles improves in health.--Death of his brother.--Charles's love of athletic sports.--Buckingham.--Buckingham's style of living.--Royalty.--True character of royalty.--The king and Buckingham.--Indecent correspondence.--Buckingham's pig.--James's petulance.--The story of Gib.--The king's frankness.--Glitter of royalty.--The appearance.--The reality. King Charles the First was born in Scotland. It may perhaps surprise the reader that an English king should be born in Scotland. The explanation is this: