[Footnote 7: At first Lt. Col. J. F. Norris was in charge of all chemical research. About December, 1917, it was divided into Offense and Defense, and Lt. Col. Lamb was placed in charge of Defense. When Col. Norris went to England as Liaison Officer, Dr. Jones took his place.] [Footnote 8: At first Lt. Col. J. F. Norris was in charge of all chemical research. About December, 1917, it was divided into Offense and Defense, and Lt. Col. Lamb was placed in charge of Defense. When Col. Norris went to England as Liaison Officer, Dr. Jones took his place.] [Footnote 9: In the early organization of the Bureau of Mines, Dr. Yandall Henderson was in charge of the Medical Sciences. Associated with him were Dr. F. P. Underhill, in charge of Therapeutic Research; Major M. C. Winternitz, in c of Pathological Research and Captain E. K. Marshall in charge of Pharmacological Research. About May 1, 1918, Pharmacological Research became so extensive that the Section was made into two, with Marshall and Loevenhart in charge, while Dr. Hunt was appointed special adviser on pharmacological problems. When the transfer to the War Department was made, Henderson, Underhill, Winternitz and Marshall were transferred to the Medical Division.] [Footnote 10: Lt. Col. McPherson was formerly in charge, and was later transferred to Ordnance.] [Footnote 11: This Section was originally under H. H. Clark. Later it was split into two, with Clark and Fogler in charge, and finally consolidated under Fogler.] The chief functions of the Research Division were: 1. To prepare and test compounds which might be of value in gas warfare, determining the properties of these substances and the conditions under which they might be effective in warfare. 2. To develop satisfactory methods of making such compounds as seemed promising (Small Scale). 3. To develop the best methods of utilizing these compounds. 4. To develop materials which should absorb or destroy war gases, studying their properties and determining the conditions under which they might be effective. 5. To develop satisfactory methods of making such absorbents as might seem promising. 6. To develop masks, canisters, protective clothing, etc. 7. To develop incendiaries, smokes, signals, etc., and the best methods of using the same. [Illustration: FIG. 4.—American University Experiment Station, showing Small Scale Plants.] 8. To co-operate with the manufacturing divisions in regard to difficulties arising during the operations of manufacturing war gases, absorbents, etc. 9. To co-operate with other branches of the Government, civil and military, in regard to war problems. 10. To collect and make available to the Director of the Chemical Warfare Service all information in regard to the chemistry of gas warfare. The relation of the various sections may best be shown by outlining the general procedure used when a new toxic substance was developed.