Chickamauga and Chattanooga Battlefields: Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park—Georgia, Tennessee — John Shaqi
Chickamauga and Chattanooga Battlefields: Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park—Georgia, TennesseeSullivan, James R.
History
Chickamauga and Chattanooga Battlefields: Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park—Georgia, Tennessee
Sullivan, James R.
Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park (Ga. and Tenn.); United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
During the night, Longstreet arrived with two more brigades ready for
action. Bragg then decided to form the Army of Tennessee into two wings
for offensive action the next day. He placed General Polk in command of
the right wing and General Longstreet the left. The Confederate Army,
facing west between Chickamauga Creek and the LaFayette Road formed a
line more or less parallel with the road.
[Illustration: _Confederate line of battle in woods at Chickamauga._
From _Battles and Leaders of the Civil War_.]
SEPTEMBER 20—SECOND DAY.
General Bragg issued orders to his subordinates to resume the battle at
daybreak. On the Confederate right Breckinridge’s Division was to begin
the attack which would be taken up by successive divisions to the left.
Sunday morning came. Daylight began to creep over the battlefield. The
sun rose, but no attack came. Bragg waited impatiently. Finally, the
orders reached Hill at 7:30 a.m. Further delay followed as the troops
moved into position. About 9:30 a.m. Breckinridge advanced to attack,
followed by Cleburne. The extreme left of the Union line fell back, but
the fire from the Union breastworks halted further Confederate advance.
Reinforcements hurried to Thomas. In further fighting at this part of
the line neither side made any considerable gain, as Rosecrans sought to
hold his left against Polk’s furious attacks. Almost equally matched,
neither Thomas nor Polk could show any appreciable gains throughout the
morning. About 11 o’clock a lull occurred as Longstreet’s wing prepared
to move against the center in Bragg’s plan of attack.
[Illustration: THE BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA
SEPTEMBER 20, 1863]
[Illustration: _Lt. Gen. James Longstreet._ Courtesy National
Archives.]
[Illustration: _Lt. Gen. Leonidas Polk._ Courtesy National
Archives.]
The Union center at which Longstreet pointed his attack was held by
Brig. Gen. Thomas J. Wood’s Division which had replaced Negley’s
Division in the line when the latter had reinforced Thomas early in the
morning. To the immediate left of Wood were the troops of Brannan’s
Division, and on Brannan’s left, Maj. Gen. Joseph J. Reynolds’ Division.
An hour before noon as the Confederate right wing poised to strike, an
irreparable blunder occurred on the Union side. A staff officer riding
from Thomas’ headquarters near Kelly Field reported to Rosecrans that he
had noticed Brannan’s Division was out of line and believed “General
Reynolds’ right was exposed.” Rosecrans, without further investigation,
immediately ordered Wood to “close up on Reynolds as fast as possible
and support him.” In order to do this, Wood had to pull his division out
of line and march behind Brannan’s Division toward Reynolds. Wood’s
division had left its place in the line, creating a true gap where none
had actually existed before, and had started to march northward behind
Brannan when Longstreet’s column of five divisions accidentally struck
into the gap.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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