Children's Ways: Being selections from the author's "Studies of childhood," with some additional matterSully, James
Science
Children's Ways: Being selections from the author's "Studies of childhood," with some additional matter
Sully, James
Child development; Child psychology
The moving limbs are, of course, a specially interesting part of this
bodily self. Yet there is reason to think that children regard the trunk
as the most important and vital part of themselves. Thus one small boy
who, when put to bed, could not get into a comfortable posture, said
queerly: "I can't get my hands out of the way of myself". This may be
because they learn to connect the impressive experiences of aches and
pains with the trunk, and because they observe that the maimed can do
without arms and without legs. It is interesting to note that in the
development of the idea of the soul by the race its seat was placed in
the trunk, _viz._, the heart, long before it was localised in the head.
Children are probably confirmed in this view of the supreme importance
of the trunk by our way of specially referring to it when speaking of
the "body".
About this interesting trunk-body, what is inside it, and how it works,
the child speculates vastly. The experience of bleeding has suggested to
some children that it is filled with blood. When later on the young
thinker hears of the stomach, bones and so forth, he sets about
theorising on these mysterious matters. Odd twistings of thought occur
when the higher anatomy is talked of in his hearing. A six-year-old
girl, of whom Mr. Canton writes, thus delivered herself with respect to
the brain and its functions: "Brain is what you think with in your
head, and the more you think the more crinkles there are". The growth of
the folds was understood, with charming childish simplicity, as the
immediate effect of thought, like the crinkling of the skin of the
forehead.
At a later stage of the child's development, no doubt, when he begins to
grasp the idea of a conscious thinking "I," the head will become a
principal portion of the bodily self. Children are quite capable of
finding their way, in part at least, to the idea that the mind has its
lodgment in the head. But it is long before this thought grows clear.
This may be seen in children's talk, as when a girl of four spoke of her
dolly as having no sense in her _eyes_. Even after a child has learned
from others that we think with our brains he may go on supposing that
our thoughts travel down to the mouth when we speak.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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