=Pasteurizing.= This process consists of heating the milk to 145° F. and keeping it at this temperature for thirty minutes. The following method may be used: Fill the bottles with the modified milk and place in the wire rack. Put the rack in a dish of water, with the water just above the level of the milk. Suspend a milk thermometer in the water and heat until the thermometer registers 145° F. Keep at this temperature for thirty minutes, then take out the rack and cork the bottles at once. Place carefully in a dish of cool water or put an inverted basin over the rack containing the bottles and set under the cold-water faucet. Cool quickly and place on the ice at once. [Illustration: PASTEURIZING THE BABY’S MILK] If no pasteurizing outfit is at hand, the bottles of milk may be heated in a double boiler until the steam arises. Continue heating at this temperature for fifteen minutes. If the pasteurized milk is used for a long time, it is well to give the baby orange juice to prevent rickets and scurvy. This should be given in the morning, regularly, three quarters of an hour before feeding time. One teaspoonful should be given at first, and the amount gradually increased up to one tablespoonful. CHAPTER VI CARE OF THE BABY’S FOOD =Suggestions for demonstrations.= =1.= Show a homemade refrigerator. =2.= Demonstrate the care of bottles. =3.= Demonstrate the care of rubber nipples. =4.= Demonstrate the process of sterilizing water. =Homemade refrigerator.= An ice box to keep the baby’s milk in good condition may be made in the following way at very little cost: In a wooden box about eighteen inches square and of about the same depth, put a layer of sawdust three inches deep. Then put a ten-quart pail (or a larger one) in the center of the box. Add more sawdust and put a cardboard collar around the pail, to keep the sawdust in place. It is also well to put a layer of cheesecloth over the sawdust. Inside this pail place another (smaller) one, to hold the ice. The bottles are put in the larger pail, which should be securely covered, and a bag of sawdust is placed over it. The box should be tightly closed by a wooden cover lined with several thicknesses of newspaper. The inner pail should be taken out and cleaned every morning. [Illustration: INNER PAIL BOTTLES ICE PAIL COVER PADDED COVER TO BOX HOMEMADE REFRIGERATOR] The box described above will keep cold for twenty-four hours with five cents’ worth of ice in it. The cover should not be left off any longer than is necessary to remove the bottles. [Illustration: FILLING THE BABY’S BOTTLES] =Care of bottles.= New bottles should be placed in a kettle of cold water, put on the stove, and boiled for twenty minutes. They should then be removed from the stove, but left in the kettle until the water cools. Bottles treated in this way will not break easily.