On comparing the latter with Pegasus as he appears in sculpture, it is quite impossible to doubt that the Chinese is a copy of the Greek animal. The former is said to have come down from heaven, and was caught, according to tradition, on the banks of a river in B.C. 120. The name for pomegranate in China is "the Parthian fruit," showing that it was introduced from Parthia, the Chinese equivalent for Parthia being 安息 _Ansik_, which is an easy corruption of the Greek Ἀρσάκης, the first king of Parthia. The term for grape is admittedly of foreign origin, like the fruit itself. It is 葡萄 _pu t'ou_. Here it is easy to recognise the Greek word Βότρυς, a cluster, or bunch, of grapes. Similarly, the Chinese word for "radish," 蘿蔔 _lo po_, also of foreign origin, is no doubt a corruption of ῥάφη, it being of course well known that the Chinese cannot pronounce an initial _r_. There is one term, especially, in Chinese which at once carries conviction as to its Greek origin. This is the term for watermelon. The two Chinese characters chosen to represent the sound mean "Western gourd," _i.e._ the gourd which came from the West. Some Chinese say, on no authority in particular, that it was introduced by the Kitan Tartars; others say that it was introduced by the first Emperor of the so-called Golden Tartars. But the Chinese term is still pronounced _si kua_, which is absolutely identical with the Greek word σικύα, of which Liddell and Scott say, "perhaps the melon." For these three words it would now scarcely be rash to substitute "the watermelon." We are not on quite such firm ground when we compare the Chinese kalends and ides with similar divisions of the Roman month. Still it is interesting to note that in ancient China, the first day of every month was publicly proclaimed, a sheep being sacrificed on each occasion; also, that the Latin word _kalendae_ meant the day when the order of days was proclaimed. Further, that the term in Chinese for ides means to look at, to see, because on that day we can see the moon; and also that the Latin word _idus_, the etymology of which has not been absolutely established, may possibly come from the Greek ἰδεῖν "to see," just as _kalendae_ comes from καλεῖν "to proclaim." As to many of the analogies, more or less interesting, to be found in the literatures of China and of Western nations, it is not difficult to say how they got into their Chinese setting. For instance, we read in the History of the Ming Dynasty, A.D. 1368-1644, a full account of the method by which the Spaniards, in the sixteenth century, managed to obtain first a footing in, and then the sovereignty over, some islands which have now passed under the American flag. The following words, not quite without interest at the present day, are translated from the above-mentioned account of the Philippines:—