[Footnote 198: The _Memoir of Chiang_ (see p. 159), written in the Yüan dynasty, says that the "pure white ware of Ching-tê Chên in the Sung dynasty, when compared with the red porcelain (_hung tz´ŭ_) of Chên-ting and the Lung-ch´üan green ware, emulated these in beauty." Chên-ting is the Chên-ting Fu, the prefectural town of Ting Chou, and the ware indicated is no doubt Ting ware; but here the comparison clearly seems to be between white wares, and unless the word _hung_ (red) applies to some variety of the Ting biscuit as distinct from the glaze, it is difficult to understand.] [Footnote 199: [Chinese] _tzŭ_, "purple or dark red brown," is, like most Chinese colour-words, a somewhat elastic term. The dictionary gives instances in which it is applied to "red sandal wood," "brown sugar," the ruby, the violet, and the peony.] [Footnote 200: Op. cit., fig. 35.] [Footnote 201: See p. 131. I have seen a single specimen of a bowl with carved design and creamy white glaze inside and all the appearances of a Ting ware, but coated on the exterior with a lustrous coffee brown monochrome. But without any other example to guide one's judgment, I should hesitate to say that this piece was older than the Ming dynasty.] [Footnote 202: Hsü Tz´ŭ-shu, author of the _Ch´a Su_, a book on tea, quoted in the _T´ao shuo_, bk. v., fol. 15 verso.] [Footnote 203: The potteries in the Chên-ting Fu district were active up to the end of the Ming dynasty, at any rate (see p. 199); and no doubt many of the coarse _t´u ting_ specimens belong to the Ming period, but as their forms are archaic it is almost impossible nowadays to differentiate them.] [Footnote 204: Julien, op. cit., p. 21, places this town in Kiang-nan, but this is clearly an error.] [Footnote 205: In contrast with these there were specimens with "green mouth," _ch´ing k´ou_ which were "wanting in richness and lustre."] [Footnote 206: The date of Chou Tan-ch´üan is not given, but he is mentioned in the _Ni ku lu_, a mid-sixteenth-century work.] [Footnote 207: A well-known type of bronze incense burner of the Shang dynasty. See the _Shin sho sei_, bk. i., fol. 2; and Hsiang's Album, fig. 1, where a Ting ware copy is illustrated.] [Footnote 208: Julien, op. cit., pp. xxxiii.-xxxv.; the reference in the _T´ao lu_ is bk. viii., fol. 5.] [Footnote 209: Perhaps the celebrated "white Ting censer" described on p. 92.] [Footnote 210: Bk. ii., fol. 9 verso.] [Footnote 211: The _Liu ch´ing jih cha_, written by T´ien Yi-hêng in the Ming dynasty.] [Footnote 212: [Chinese] _T´ao lu_, vol. vii., fol. 9 verso. See also bk. ix., fol. 9, where the _Ch´ing po tsa chih_ (1193 A.D.) is quoted as follows: "The wares used at the present day, which are made at So Chou and Ssŭ Chou, are not genuine Ting ware."] [Footnote 213: [Chinese] _T´ao lu_, vol. vii., fol. 9 verso.] [Footnote 214: [Chinese] _T´ao lu_, vol. vii., fol. 10 verso.] [Footnote 215: F. Brinkley, _Japan and China_, vol. ix., p. 259.]