With designs in raised outline, filled in with coloured glazes on the biscuit; dark violet blue background. About 1500. Height 14¾ inches. _Grandidier Collection_ (_Louvre_).] [Illustration: Plate 64.--Fifteenth-century Polychrome Porcelain. Fig. 1.--Vase with grey crackle and peony scrolls in blue and enamels. Ch’èng Hua mark. Height 16¼ inches. _British Museum._ Fig. 2.--Vase with turquoise ground and bands of floral pattern and winged dragons incised in outline and coloured green, yellow and aubergine. Height 22 inches. _S. E. Kennedy Collection._ Fig. 3.--Box with bands of _ju-i_ clouds and pierced floral scrolls; turquoise and yellow glazes in dark blue ground. Diameter 10 inches. _Grandidier Collection._] [Illustration: Plate 65.--Ming _san ts’ai_ Porcelain. Fig. 1.--Vase with winged dragons, _san ts’ai_ glazes on the biscuit, dark blue ground. Dedicatory inscription on the neck, including the words “Ming dynasty.” Cloisonné handles. Height 22¼ inches. _S. E. Kennedy Collection._ Fig. 2.--Figure of Kuan-yin, turquoise, green and aubergine glazes, dark blue rockwork. Fifteenth century. Height 28 inches. _Grandidier Collection._ Fig. 3.--Vase with lotus scrolls, transparent glazes in three colours. Late Ming. Height 20 inches. _Grandidier Collection._] The following designs are enumerated and explained by Kao Chiang-ts’un in the valuable commentary which has already been mentioned:-- 11. Wine cups with the design known as “the high-flaming candle lighting up red beauty,” explained as a beautiful damsel holding a candle to light up _hai-t’ang_ (cherry apple) blossoms. 12. Brocade heap pattern[65]; explained as “sprays of flowers and fruit massed (_tui_) on all sides.”[66] 13. Cups with swings, with dragon boats, with famous scholars and with children. The swings, we are told, represent men and women[67] playing with swings (_ch’iu ch’ien_): the dragon boats represent the dragon boat races[68]; the famous scholar (_kao shih_) cups have on one side Chou Mao-shu, lover of the lotus, and on the other T’ao Yüan-ming sitting before a chrysanthemum plant; the children (_wa wa_) consist of five small children playing together.[69] 14. Cups with grape-vines on a trellis, fragrant plants, fish and weeds, gourds, aubergine fruit, the Eight Buddhist Emblems (_pa chi hsiang_), _yu po lo_ flowers, and Indian lotus (_hsi fan lien_) designs. None of these need explanation except the Buddhist Emblems, which are described on p. 298, and the _yu po lo_, which is generally explained as a transcription of the Sanskrit _utpala_, “the dark blue lotus.”