eyes and mouth when their “Murray” tells them there is something they ought to admire. Should an old man who is at home here meet them on their way, and counsel the travellers to turn for a moment from the high road in order to accompany him through a shady path to a mill, many may feel at first full of uneasiness and distrust. But when they have refreshed themselves in the dark green valley with its lively mill stream and delicious wood fragrance, they no longer blame their guide for having called somewhat loudly to them to pause in their journey. It is such a pause that I have tried in these few introductory lines to enforce on the reader, and I believe that I too may reckon on pardon, if not on thanks, from those who have followed my sudden call. 1858 VI. ON THE LANGUAGE AND POETRY OF SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN. After all that has been written about the Schleswig-Holstein question, how little is known about those whom that question chiefly concerns,—the Schleswig-Holsteiners! There may be a vague recollection that, during the general turmoil of 1848, the German inhabitants of the Duchies rose against the Danes; that they fought bravely, and at last succumbed, not to the valor, but to the diplomacy of Denmark. But, after the treaty of London in 1852 had disposed of them as the treaty of Vienna had disposed of other brave people, they sank below the horizon of European interests, never to rise again, it was fondly hoped, till the present generation had passed away. Yet these Schleswig-Holsteiners have an interest of their own, quite apart from the political clouds that have lately gathered round their country. Ever since we know anything of the history of Northern Europe, we find Saxon races established as the inhabitants of that northern peninsula which was then called the _Cimbric Chersonese_. The first writer who ever mentions the name of Saxons is Ptolemy,(18) and he speaks of them as settled in what is now called Schleswig-Holstein.(19) At the time of Charlemagne the Saxon race is described to us as consisting of three tribes: the _Ostfalai_, _Westfalai_, and _Angrarii_. The _Westphalians_ were settled near the Rhine, the _Eastphalians_ near the Elbe, and the intermediate country, washed by the Weser, was held by the _Angrarii_.(20) The name of Westphalia is still in existence; that of Eastphalia has disappeared, but its memory survives in the English _sterling_. Eastphalian traders, the ancestors of the merchant princes of Hamburg, were known in England by the name of _Easterlings_; and their money being of the purest quality, _easterling_, in Latin esterlingus, shortened to _sterling_, became the general name of pure or sterling money. The name of the third tribe, the _Angrarii_, continued through the Middle Ages as the name of a people; and to the present day, my own sovereign, the Duke of Anhalt, calls himself Duke of “_Sachsen_, _Engern_, und _Westphalen_.” But the name of the Angrarii was meant to fulfill another and more glorious