Zend +yâoṇh+, +yâh+, to gird; +yâonha+, dress; Gr. ζωσ in ζώννυμι; O.S. _po-yasu_, girdle. Zend +râçta+, straight; Lat. _rectus_; Goth. _raiht-s_. Zend +rap+, to go; Lat. _repere_. Zend +varez+, to work, +vareza+, work, +varstva+, work; Goth, _vaurkjan_, to work; Gr. ἔοργα, ῥέζω; Goth. _vaurstv_. Zend +vaêti+, willow; Lith. _vỹti-s_, withy; Lat. _vîtis_. Zend +çtaman+, mouth; Gr. στόμα. [Footnote 1: Note A, p. 227.] [Footnote 2: Note B, p. 230.] [Footnote 3: See M. M.’s _Letter to Chevalier Bunsen, on the Turanian Languages_, 1854, second chapter, second section, “Ethnology versus Phonology.”] [Footnote 4: Note C, p. 235.] [Footnote 5: “Judgment (_crimen_, κρίνειν), penance (_pœna_, ποινή), retribution (_talio_, ταλάω, τλῆναι, are Græco-Italic conceptions.” Mommsen, _Röm. Geschichte_, vol. i. p. 25.] [Footnote 6: See my article in Kuhn’s _Zeitschrift_, vol. xix. p. 46.] [Footnote 7: _Lectures on the Science of Language_, vol. ii. p. 467.] [Footnote 8: _Rendiconti del Reale Instituto Lombardo, classe de lettre_, iv. fasc. 6.] [Footnote 9: See Benfey, _Über die Enstehung des Indo-germanischen Vocativs_, Göttingen, 1872, p. 35.] [Footnote 10: The rule is that vocatives in ον from proper names in ων retract the accent, except Λακεδαῖμον, and those in φρον, as Λυκόφρον from Λυκόφρων.] [Footnote 11: Vocatives in ες from proper names in ης retract the accent, as Σώκρατες, except those in ωδες, ωλες, ωρες, ηρες, as Δειῶδες.] [Footnote 12: Benfey, l.c. p. 40.] [Footnote 13: See, also, M. M.’s _Lectures on the Science of Language_, vol. ii, p. 472.] [Footnote 14: See M. M.’s _Introduction to the Science of Religion_, p. 372, note.] V. WESTMINSTER LECTURE. ON MISSIONS.[1] DELIVERED IN THE NAVE OF WESTMINSTER ABBEY, ON THE EVENING OF DECEMBER 3, 1873. The number of religions which have attained stability and permanence in the history of the world is very small. If we leave out of consideration those vague and varying forms of faith and worship which we find among uncivilized and unsettled races, among races ignorant of reading and writing, who have neither a literature nor laws, nor even hymns and prayers handed down by oral teaching from father to son, from mother to daughter, we see that the number of the real historical religions of mankind amounts to no more than eight. The Semitic races have produced three--the Jewish, the Christian, the Mohammedan; the Aryan, or Indo-European races an equal number--the Brahman, the Buddhist, and the Parsi. Add to these the two religious systems of China, that of Confucius and Lao-tse, and you have before you what may be called the eight distinct languages or utterances of the faith of mankind from the beginning of the world to the present day; you have before you in broad outlines the religious map of the whole world.