"I do therefore find and report that this device is capable of rendering the water delivered in Jersey City pure and wholesome, for the purposes for which it is intended and is effective in removing from the water those dangerous germs which were deemed by the decree to possibly exist therein at certain times."[22] During the next few years the use of hypochlorite in water purification, both alone and in conjunction with filtration, became very popular and in 1911 over 800 million gallons per day were treated in this manner. Amongst the users were some of the largest cities in North America, including Brooklyn, Albany, and New York City, N. Y., Cincinnati and Columbus, Ohio, Harrisburg, Philadelphia, Pittsburg, and Erie, Pa., Hartford, Conn., Nashville, Tenn., St. Louis and Kansas City, Mo., Montreal, P. Q., Toronto and Ottawa, Ont., Baltimore, Md., and Minneapolis, Minn. At present (1918) over 3,000 million gallons per day are being chlorinated in North America and more than 1,000 cities and towns are employing this process. BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] Schwann. Microskopische Untersuchungen über die Übereinstimmung in der Textur und dem Wachstum der Tiere und Pflanzen. Berlin. 1839 [2] Schroder and Dusch. Ann. der Chem. u. Pharm., 1854, 89, 232. [3] Webster. The Engineer. 1889, 67, 261. [4] McLintock. Brit. Med. Jour., 1890, 11, 498. [5] Eng. News. 1893, 30, 41. [6] Eng. Record. 1894, 29, 110. [7] Proskauer and Elsner. Vierteljahresschr. ger. Med. u. öff. Sanitätswesen. 1898, 16, Supp. Heft. [8] Schwartz. Gas. Eng., 1906, 29, 773. [9] Kranejuhl and Kurjuivut. Mitteilungen aus der Königlichen Prüfungsanstalt für Wasserversorgung und Abwässerbeseitigung zu Berlin, 1907, 9, 149. [10] Kellerman, Pratt, and Kimberly. Bull. 115, Bur. Plant Ind., U. S. Dept. of Agr., 1907. [11] Phelps. Water Supply Paper 229, Dept. of Int., U. S. Geo. Survey. [12] Houston and McGowan. 5th Rpt. Royal Commission on Sewage Disposal. [13] Nesfield. Public Health. 1903, 15, 601. [14] Moor and Hewlett. Rpt. of M. O. to L. G. B., 1909-10. [15] Traube. Zeit. f. Hyg., 1894, 16, 149. [16] Bassenge. Zeit. f. Hyg., 1895, 20, 227. [17] Lode. Archiv. f. Hyg., 1895, 24, 236. [18] Berge. Rev. d'Hyg., 1900, 22, 905. [19] Schumburg. Zeit. f. Hyg., 1903, 45, 125. [20] Plucker. J. Gasbeleucht., 1911, 54, 385. [21] Langer. Zeit. f. Hyg., 1916, 81, 296. [22] Johnson. Jour. Amer. Pub. Health Assoc., 1911, 1, 566. CHAPTER II MODUS OPERANDI