Self Esteem rightly exercised confers self respect, a due regard to rank or station, and induces confidence in one's own abilities; the organ is placed just at the top or crown of the head. When exercised in a right way, it imparts a degree of self-satisfaction, and enables us to apply our powers to the best advantage in whatever station we are placed; it leads to self esteem, so that the individual contemns every action that is base and unworthy of an exalted mind; it restrains from forming improper connections, and this too when the moral qualities are not sufficient. When the organ is too small, the individual is bashful, has no reliance on himself, and from rating his abilities too low, gets them rated less. When large, it produces egotism, pride, hauteur, and self conceit. Combined with good moral sentiments, it is a valuable organ. In ABUSE it tends to self-love, self-will, and uncharitableness; and towards others contempt, disdain, and tyranny; it is a mortal enemy to Christian love and peace. 38. LOVE OF APPROBATION. This faculty regards the opinion that other persons form of us: the organ is situated on each side of _Self esteem_ about half an inch from the lambdoidal suture: it produces the desire of approbation, admiration, praise and fame: it renders us anxious to please those whose approval we esteem, and to excel in whatever pursuit our associates admire. If well balanced by conscientiousness and veneration, it seeks the approval of the Great Judge of all things, by becoming worthy of eternal life: a due endowment is indispensable to an amiable character. In ABUSE it tends to vanity, a thirst for praise and flattery, a dread of the world's opinion, and a too easy giving way to the ways of the world to obtain the applause of the worthless;--the faculty is cultivated by the system of rewards for merit offered in youth,--it is not often the abstract value of the object so much as the approbation of those who know us. This organ causes bashfulness or _Mauvaise Honte_, and produces the fear of doing wrong, which it often originates by over anxiety to do well; it requires to be closely watched, as it leads to _envy_, one of the most subtle and dangerous passions, that afflict man in his fallen state; it stirs up the animal propensities and the earthly affections, overcoming the superior sentiments; the man who endeavours to seek the applause of others should remember that his Redeemer said, "And whosoever of you be the chief, let him be the servant of all." The faculty requires to be cultivated and regulated by conscientiousness, guided by the understanding to seek the applause of the good, and influenced by the spirit to seek the applause that is all in all to the christian, "Well done thou good and faithful servant, enter thou into the joy of thy Lord." 39. SOPHISTRY.