Christian Schools and Scholars: or, Sketches of Education from the Christian Era to the Council of TrentDrane, Augusta Theodosia
History
Christian Schools and Scholars: or, Sketches of Education from the Christian Era to the Council of Trent
Drane, Augusta Theodosia
Church and education; Education -- Europe -- History; Renaissance; Scholasticism
Whilst the north was being thus evangelised by the disciples of
St. Columba, the south also had received a foundation of Hibernian
origin. In the wilds of Wiltshire a school had arisen round the
cell of Maidulf, an Irish recluse, who had been tempted to settle
there by the sylvan beauty of the spot, which was then surrounded by
thick luxuriant woods. To procure the means of support he received
scholars from the neighbourhood who supplied his scanty wants and as
his pupils increased his school became famous; and the name of its
teacher is preserved in that of the modern town of Malmsbury. But it
is remarkable how very soon both the Scottish and Irish foundations
became _Romanised_.[50] One of the first scholars of Lindisfarne was
St. Wilfrid, who, not satisfied with the ecclesiastical discipline of
the Scottish monks, found his way to Canterbury, and there learnt
the whole Psalter over again, according to the Roman version, which
differed from that used in the Northern schools. He was joined by
another North Country scholar, St. Bennet Biscop, and the two set out
together on a pilgrimage to Rome.
The after history of these two saints was full of momentous results
to the Anglo-Saxon schools. At Rome Wilfrid studied the Scriptures,
the rules of ecclesiastical discipline, and the system of Paschal
computation under the Archdeacon Boniface, secretary to Pope Martin
I., and Scholasticus of the Lateran school. He returned to England to
found the Abbey of Ripon, into which he introduced the Benedictine
rule, and whither he invited Eddi, the chanter of Canterbury, to
come and teach his monks the Roman chant. Then he set himself to
reform the errors of the Northern churches, and thirty years after
the foundation of Lindisfarne, the Scottish discipline was, by his
vigorous exertions, exchanged for that of Rome. Biscop, meanwhile,
was not less busy. After his first visit to the Holy City, he
returned there a second time, and devoted himself not only to
ecclesiastical studies, but also to the acquisition of many useful
arts which he was resolved to plant in his native land. Next he went
to Lerins, where he received the habit of a monk, and spent two years
learning and practising the monastic rule; and then he returned a
third time to Rome, at the very moment when the death of Deusdedit,
sixth archbishop of Canterbury, had induced Pope Vitalian to nominate
as his successor the Greek scholar, Theodore. He was a native of
St. Paul’s city of Tarsus, and well skilled in all human and divine
literature. So says St. Bede, and so the Western bishops seem to
have thought, when they delayed drawing up their synodal letter to
the Third Council of Constantinople until “the philosopher Theodore”
should be able to take part in their deliberations. Vitalian had the
prosperity of the English mission scarcely less at heart than St.
Gregory, and discerned the full importance of providing the infant
Church with men who should be capable of laying a solid foundation
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