Christian Schools and Scholars: or, Sketches of Education from the Christian Era to the Council of TrentDrane, Augusta Theodosia
History
Christian Schools and Scholars: or, Sketches of Education from the Christian Era to the Council of Trent
Drane, Augusta Theodosia
Church and education; Education -- Europe -- History; Renaissance; Scholasticism
The Dumnonians, however, from the first era of their conversion,
showed the same readiness to welcome the establishment among them
of monks and schools as was elsewhere exhibited, and the city of
Exeter is said to have received the name of Monkton from the number
of religious which it contained. It was probably some of the Exeter
monks who, in the course of a journey which they had undertaken for
the purpose of preaching to the inhabitants of the wild Western
districts, were hospitably received and entertained at Crediton by
the father of Winfrid. The passing visit left an indelible impression
on the boy’s heart, and he grew up with the fixed desire of becoming
a monk and a scholar. His father did what he could to turn him from
his purpose, but finding himself forced at last to yield to his
son’s entreaties, he committed him to the care of Wulphard, abbot of
Exeter. Winfrid was at that time thirteen years of age. His education
had not been neglected in his father’s house, and he now threw
himself into his studies with an ardour which made it evident that
he deserved some higher kind of teaching than the monks of Exeter
could supply. The school of Nutscell, in Hampshire, a monastery
afterwards destroyed by the Danes, possessed as high a reputation as
any in Wessex, so thither Winfrid was transferred, and placed under
the direction of the learned abbot Winbert. In this monastery Winfrid
was able to satisfy his thirst for grammar, poetry, and the sacred
sciences, and at last, being appointed to the care of the school, he
drew students to hear him from all the southern provinces. In short,
the scholasticus of Nutscell became a famous man; he taught not
only the monks but even the nuns of that part of the world to study
grammar and write hexameter verse; he attended royal councils and
episcopal synods, and he even appeared in the character of an author,
and composed a treatise on the Eight Parts of Speech. “Yet, though
indued with such excellent knowledge,” says his biographer, “he was
nothing puffed up in mind, nor did he despise any who were of meaner
abilities, but the more his learning increased so much also did he
increase in virtue, only showing himself the more humble, devout,
pitiful and obedient.” Both King Ina, of Wessex, and Archbishop
Bretwald, of Canterbury, knew his worth, and desired nothing better
than to raise him to the highest dignities; but neither the charms
of a studious life in his own cloister, nor the certain prospect of
court preferment, sufficed to satisfy his ambition. He had within him
in its fullest measure the apostolic fervour which animated so many
of his countrymen, and led them to carry back to the old Germanic
soil from whence they sprang the new faith which they had learnt in
Britain. Year after year there came the news of English missionaries
who had passed over into that huge province which then extended
between the Elbe and the Rhine, the greater part of which was
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