Christianity and Islam in Spain, A.D. 756-1031Haines, Charles Reginald
Islamic
Christianity and Islam in Spain, A.D. 756-1031
Haines, Charles Reginald
Christian martyrs -- Spain; Christianity -- Spain; Islam -- Spain
This action against the zealots was in all probability taken, if not at
the instigation of the Moslem authorities, yet in close concert with
them. Eulogius[1] attributes all the evils which had befallen the
Church, such as the imprisonment of bishops, priests, abbots, and
deacons, to the wrath of the King; and Alvar distinctly states that the
King was urged, even bribed, to take measures against the Christians.[2]
It is not likely that the King required much persuading. Mohammed at
least seems to have been thoroughly frightened by the continued
agitation against Mohammedanism. He naturally suspected some political
plot at the bottom of it; a supposition which receives some countenance
from the various references in Eulogius[3] to the martyrs as "Soldiers
of God" bound to war against His Moslem enemies; and from the undoubted
fact that the Christians of Toledo did rise in favour of their
coreligionists at Cordova.[4] However that may be, the King in 852
certainly took counsel[5] with his ministers, how the agitation should
be met, and he seems to have assembled a sort of grand council[6] of
the Church, when the same question was discussed. Stronger measures were
in consequence taken, and a more rigorous imprisonment resorted to. But
Mohammed went farther than this. He deprived of their posts all
Christians, who held offices in the palace,[7] or in connection with the
Court, and withdrew from the Christian "cadet corps,"[8] the royal
bounty usually extended to them. He ordered the destruction of all
churches built since the conquest, and of all later additions to those
previously existing. He made a severe enactment against those who
reviled Mohammed.[9] He even had in mind to banish all Christians from
his dominions.[10] This intention, together with the order respecting
the churches, was not carried out, owing probably to the opportune
revolt at Toledo.[11]
[1] Ep. ad Wilies, sec. 10.
[2] Alvar, "Ind. Lum.," sec. 35.
[3] See Dozy, ii. 136.
[4] Conde, i. 249: Dozy, ii. 161, says on Eulogius' authority,
that he incited them to revolt under Sindila.
[5] Eulog., "Mem. Sanct.," ii. c. xiv.
[6] Robertson calls it a Conciliabulum.
[7] Eulog., "Mem. Sanct.," ii. § 2.
[8] "Militares pueros." Eulog. "Mem. Sanct.," iii. c. i.
[9] Eulog. "Mem. Sanct.," ii. c. xiv--"Tunc iam procul dubio
enecandi nos difficultas fuit adempta, si quisquam vatis sui
temerarius exprobator ultro occurreret." This seems to mean
that Christians and Saracens were bound to give up to justice
any who reviled the Prophet; or else to kill him on the spot.
[10] Eulog., "Doc. Mart.," sec. 18--"Moslemi ... omne regni
sui, sicuti cernitis, genus excludere moliuntur
Christicolarum."
[11] Eulog., "Mem. Sanct.," iii. c. iv.
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