29. #[Sir] A. J. Evans, "Christmas and Ancestor Worship in the Black Mountain,"# in #"Macmillan's Magazine"# (London), vol. xliii., 1881, 363. 30. Chambers, "M. S.," i. 247. 31. Tille, "Y. & C.," 64. 32. Chambers, "M. S.," i. 232. 33. _Ibid._ i. 130; W. Robertson Smith, 213 f. 34. Frazer, "Dying God," 129 f. 35. See #N. W. Thomas# in #"Folk-Lore"# (London), vol. xi., 1900, 227 f. 36. Chambers, "M. S.," i. 132 f. 37. W. Robertson Smith, 437 f. 38. #J. E. Harrison, "Themis: A Study of the Social Origins of Greek Religion"# (Cambridge, 1912), 67. Cf. #E. F. Ames, "The Psychology of Religious Experience"# (London and Boston, 1910), 95 f. 39. Harrison, "Themis," 137. 40. _Ibid._ 110. 41. #S. Reinach, "Cultes, mythes, et religions"# (Paris, 1905), i. 93. For the theory that totems were originally food-objects, see Ames, 118 f. 42. Chambers, "M. S.," i. 133. 43. _Ibid._ i. 105 f., 144. 44. Harrison, "Themis," 507. 45. W. Robertson Smith, 255. 46. #Bede, "Historia Ecclesiastica,"# lib. i. cap. 30. Latin text in Bede's Works, edited by J. A. Giles (London, 1843), vol. ii. p. 142. 47. Frazer, "Golden Bough," iii. 143. 48. #Jerome, "Comm. in Isaiam,"# lxv. 11. Latin text in Chambers, "M. S.," ii. 294. 49. Chambers, "M. S.," i. 266. 50. Latin text in Chambers, "M. S.," ii. 306. 51. #Bede, "De Temporum Ratione,"# cap. 15, quoted by Chambers, i. 231. See also Tille, "Y. & C.," 152 f., and Bilfinger, 131, for other views. 52. Frazer, "Golden Bough," iii. 70 f. 53. See Frazer, "Magic Art," i. 52. 54. Cf. Frazer, "Golden Bough," iii. 300 f. 55. Latin text in #H. Usener, "Religionsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen,"# part ii. (Bonn, 1889), 43 f. See also #A. Tille, "Die Geschichte der deutschen Weihnacht"# (Leipsic, 1893), 44 f. [Referred to as "D. W."] 56. #Philip Stubbs, "Anatomie Of Abuses"# (Reprint of 3rd Edition of 1585, edited by W. B. Turnbull, London, 1836), 205. 57. Quoted by #J. Ashton, "A righte Merrie Christmasse!!"# (London, n.d.), 26 f. 58. _Ibid._ 27 f. |373| CHAPTER VII.--ALL HALLOW TIDE TO MARTINMAS 1. #R. Chambers, "The Book Of Days"# (London, n.d.), ii. 538 [referred to as "B. D."]; #T. F. Thiselton Dyer, "British Popular Customs"# (London, 1876), 396 f. 2. #[Sir] J. Rhys, "Lectures on the Origin and Growth of Religion as illustrated by Celtic Heathendom"# (London, 1888), 514, #"Celtic Folklore: Welsh and Manx"# (Oxford, 1901), i. 321. 3. Tille, "Y. & C.," 57 f. 4. Rhys, "Celtic Folklore," i. 315 f. 5. #J. Dowden, "The Church Year and Kalendar"# (Cambridge, 1910), 23 f. 6. Cf. #J. G. Frazer, "Adonis, Attis, Osiris"# (2nd Edition, London, 1907), 315 f. 7. #E. B. Tylor, "Primitive Culture"# (3rd Edition, London, 1891), ii. 38. 8. Frazer, "Adonis," 310. 9. _Ibid._ 312 f. 10. #P. Sebillot, "Coutumes populaires de la Haute-Bretagne"# (Paris, 1886), 206.